Collaborative Research: CEDAR--Development and Application of a Multi-site Observing Network to Study Mid-latitude Thermospheric Dynamics

这是一个为期3年的实验项目，作为大气区域耦合、能量学和动力学（CEDAR）项目的一部分。主要目标是在美国中东部安装和操作一个小型的法布里-珀罗干涉仪（FPI）网络。该网络将由四个站点组成，站点与站点之间的距离在350至700公里之间，允许对热层中的风和温度进行共同的体积测量，共同提供热层风结构和动力学的区域视图。这包括量化纬度和纵向范围、传播方向、波事件速度、震源区域和其他动态量，这些是目前可用仪器部署无法实现的。现有地面磁力计和雷达提供的辅助数据以及天基磁场、离子漂移和极光降水的测量数据将与全球热层/电离层环流模式一起使用，为测量提供全球背景。通过这种方式，观测将有助于对热层动力学的突破性认识，包括远离极光带的大规模扰动的传播和中纬度热层对地磁扰动的响应。作为该项目的一部分，将开发策略和算法，以实时改变观测策略，例如根据当地的云条件。从这个网络获得的操作经验将作为一个概念的证明，为更全面地研究热层动力学需要建立一个更大规模的网络。试点网络将在理解如何作为一个单元操作链，如何一致地实时处理数据以及如何可视化和解释多个站点的结果等问题上取得技术进步。该项目由克莱姆森大学、密歇根大学和伊利诺伊大学的教授团队合作完成。仪器和网络的部署和操作将为每所大学的研究生和本科生提供实践培训的机会。

This is a 3-year experimental project to be undertaken as part of the Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions (CEDAR) program. The main objective is to install and operate a small network of Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) in the central eastern United States. The network will consist of four stations with a site-to-site separation between 350 and 700 km allowing common volume measurements of winds and temperatures in the thermosphere that together provide a regional view of the thermospheric wind structure and dynamics. This includes quantifying the latitudinal and longitudinal extents, propagation direction, and speed of wave events, source regions, and other dynamical quantities that are not possible with current available instrument deployments. Supporting data from available ground-based magnetometers and radars as well as space-based measurements of magnetic fields, ion drifts and auroral precipitation will be used together with a global thermosphere/ionosphere general circulation model to provide a global context for the measurements. In this way, the observations will facilitate breakthrough insights about the dynamics of the thermosphere including the propagation of large-scale disturbances away from the auroral zone and the response of the mid-latitude thermosphere to geomagnetic disturbances. Strategies and algorithms will be developed as part of this project to change the observing strategy in real-time based, for example, upon the local cloud conditions. The operational experience gained from this network will serve as a proof of concept for a much larger-scale network required for a more complete investigation of thermospheric dynamics. The pilot network will make technological advances in regard to issues such as understanding how to operate the chain as a unit, how to consistently process data in real time, and how to visualize and interpret results from multiple stations. The project is a collaboration between a team of professors at Clemson University, the University of Michigan, and University of Illinois. Deployment and operation of the instruments and the network will provide hands on training opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students at each of the universities.