Reactivity of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound Emissions and Their Attribution to Identified Chemical Species

生物挥发性有机化合物排放的反应性及其对已识别化学物质的归属

• 批准号: 1140571
• 负责人: Detlev Helmig
• 金额: $ 58.02万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-15 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1140571&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reactivity; Biogenic; Volatile; Organic; Compound

This project will investigate the missing reactivity that has been reported in a number of recent studies of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions in the forest atmosphere. It centers on the application of a new approach for the direct determination of the ozone reactivity of BVOC emissions from vegetation. Air drawn from enclosures containing vegetation will be mixed with ozone-enriched air and then passed through a flow tube where the loss of ozone will be measured directly with a differential ozone monitor. Ozone reactivity will be determined for BVOC emissions from a range of vegetation types in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) greenhouse, at a local tree nursery in Boulder, CO, at the University of Michigan Biological Station (UMBS), and at the Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics & Nitrogen (BEACHEON) Manitou Forest research site. These vegetation types include the dominant species in U.S. forests. Ozone and OH reactivity experiments conducted in parallel will shed light on how the missing reactivity of these oxidants varies with species, with environmental condition, and relative to each other, thereby providing insight regarding the identities of unknown compounds. The applicability of BVOC + O3 rate constants for estimating the corresponding rates of ozone removal will be evaluated based on kinetic laboratory experiments. Results of the project will help improve photochemical models of radical chemistry in the forest atmosphere. The project will also support continued operation of CU's capillary diffusions system for generating sesquiterpene standards that are used by the PIs' groups as well as other research groups in the community. The development and evaluation of this new measurement approach has potentially wide-ranging applications for both reevaluating results from past experiments and planning and characterizing BVOC reactivity during future campaigns. This project will contribute to the education of undergraduate students and a postdoctoral researcher. Students from minorities will be recruited from the SOARS and SMART programs to help with the summer field work. The broader public will benefit from presentation of this work to 8th graders at INSTAAR's Annual Open House, through a booth planned at the 2012 Boulder Creek Festival, through a dedicated web portal, and through interactions with the City of Denver "The Mile High Million" program. A better understanding of BVOC chemistry will lead to more effective air pollution mitigation strategies resulting in improved air quality and health.

本项目将调查森林大气中生物挥发性有机化合物（BVOC）排放的一些最新研究中报告的缺失反应性。 它集中在一种新的方法的应用，直接确定从植被BVOC排放的臭氧反应性。从含有植物的围栏中抽出的空气将与富含臭氧的空气混合，然后通过一个流量管，在流量管中将直接用差分臭氧监测器测量臭氧损失。将在美国国家大气研究中心（NCAR）温室、科罗拉多州博尔德市当地苗圃、密歇根大学生物站（UMBS）以及能源、气溶胶、碳、水、有机氮的生物-水-大气相互作用（BEACHEON）马尼图森林研究站点确定一系列植被类型的BVOC排放的臭氧反应性。 这些植被类型包括美国森林中的优势物种。 平行进行的臭氧和OH反应性实验将揭示这些氧化剂的缺失反应性如何随物种、环境条件以及彼此之间的关系而变化，从而提供关于未知化合物的身份的见解。 BVOC + O3速率常数估计相应的臭氧去除率的适用性将根据动力学实验室实验进行评估。 该项目的成果将有助于改进森林大气中自由基化学的光化学模型。 该项目还将支持CU的毛细管扩散系统的持续运行，以生成PI小组以及社区中其他研究小组使用的倍半萜标准品。这种新的测量方法的开发和评估具有潜在的广泛的应用，重新评估过去的实验结果和规划和表征BVOC反应在未来的活动。 该项目将有助于本科生和博士后研究人员的教育。 来自少数民族的学生将从SOARS和SMART计划中招募，以帮助夏季实地工作。 更广泛的公众将受益于在INSTAAR的年度开放日上向8年级学生展示这项工作，通过计划在2012年博尔德溪节上的展位，通过一个专门的门户网站，并通过与丹佛市“一英里高百万”计划的互动。 更好地了解BVOC化学将导致更有效的空气污染缓解战略，从而改善空气质量和健康。