Collaborative Research: Developing an Antarctic Tephra Database for Interdisciplinary Paleoclimate Research (AntT)

合作研究：开发南极火山灰数据库用于跨学科古气候研究（AntT）

• 批准号: 1142007
• 负责人: Andrei Kurbatov
• 金额: $ 36.51万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1142007&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Developing; Antarctic; Tephra

Many key questions in climate research (e.g. relative timing of climate events in different geographic areas, climate-forcing mechanisms, natural threshold levels in the climate system) are dependent on accurate reconstructions of the temporal and spatial distribution of past rapid climate change events in continental, atmospheric, marine and polar realms. This collaborative interdisciplinary research project aims to consolidate, into a single user-friendly database, information about volcanic products detected in Antarctica. By consolidating information about volcanic sources, and physical and geochemical characteristics of volcanic products, this systematic data collection approach will improve the ability of researchers to identify volcanic ash, or tephra, from specific volcanic eruptions that may be spread over large areas in a geologically instantaneous amount of time. Development of this database will assist in the identification and cross-correlation of time intervals in various paleoclimate archives that contain volcanic layers from often unknown sources. The AntT project relies on a cyberinfrastructure framework developed in house through NSF funded CDI-Type I: CiiWork for data assimilation, interpretation and open distribution model. In addition to collection and integration of existing information about volcanic products, this project will focus on filling the information gaps about unique physico-chemical characteristics of very fine (3 micrometer) volcanic particles (cryptotephra) that are present in Antarctic ice cores. This component of research will involve improving analytical methodology for detecting cryptotephra layers in ice, and will train a new generation of scientists to apply an array of modern state?of?the-art instrumentation available to the project team. The recognized importance of tephra in establishing a chronological framework for volcanic and sedimentary successions has already resulted in the development of robust regional tephrochronological frameworks (e.g. Europe, Kamchatka, New Zealand, Western North America). The AntT project will provide this framework for Antarctic tephrochronology, as needed for precise correlation records between Antarctic ice cores (e.g. WAIS Divide, RICE, ITASE) and global paleoclimate archives. The results of AntT will be of particular significance to climatologists, paleoclimatologists, atmospheric chemists, geochemists, climate modelers, solar-terrestrial physicists, environmental statisticians, and policy makers for designing solutions to mitigate or cope with likely future impacts of climate change events on modern society.

气候研究中的许多关键问题（如不同地理区域气候事件的相对时间、气候强迫机制、气候系统中的自然阈值水平）都依赖于对过去大陆、大气、海洋和极地快速气候变化事件的时空分布的准确重建。这一跨学科合作研究项目的目的是将在南极洲发现的火山产物的资料合并成一个单一的方便用户的数据库。通过综合关于火山源以及火山产品的物理和地球化学特征的信息，这一系统的数据收集方法将提高研究人员的能力，使他们能够更好地识别可能在地质学上瞬时时间内蔓延到大片地区的特定火山爆发所产生的火山灰或火山灰。该数据库的开发将有助于确定各种古气候档案中的时间间隔，并将其相互关联，这些档案中含有往往来源不明的火山层。AntT项目依赖于通过NSF资助的CDI-Type I：CiiWork内部开发的网络基础设施框架，用于数据同化，解释和开放分发模型。除了收集和整合关于火山产物的现有信息外，该项目还将侧重于填补关于南极冰芯中存在的非常细小（3微米）的火山颗粒（隐火山灰）的独特物理化学特性的信息空白。这一部分的研究将涉及改进分析方法，用于检测冰中的隐石层，并将培训新一代科学家应用一系列现代状态？什么？为项目团队提供最先进的仪器。火山灰在建立火山和沉积序列年代学框架方面的重要性已经得到公认，这导致了区域火山灰年代学框架的发展（例如欧洲、堪察加半岛、新西兰、北美西部）。AntT项目将为南极火山灰年代学提供这一框架，这是南极冰芯（例如WAIS Divide，RICE，ITASE）和全球古气候档案之间精确相关记录所需的。AntT的结果将对气候学家，古气候学家，大气化学家，地球化学家，气候建模师，日地物理学家，环境统计学家和政策制定者设计解决方案以减轻或科普气候变化事件对现代社会的未来可能影响具有特别重要的意义。

项目成果

Rapid transport of ash and sulfate from the 2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle (Chile) eruption to West Antarctica: Puyehue Transport to West Antarctica

2011 年 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle（智利）喷发产生的火山灰和硫酸盐快速输送到南极洲西部： Puyehue Transport to West Antarctica

• DOI: 10.1002/2017jd026893
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Koffman, Bess G.;Dowd, Eleanor G.;Osterberg, Erich C.;Ferris, David G.;Hartman, Laura H.;Wheatley, Sarah D.;Kurbatov, Andrei V.;Wong, Gifford J.;Markle, Bradley R.;Dunbar, Nelia W.
• 通讯作者: Dunbar, Nelia W.