RUI: Mechanisms of Emergent Swarm Behavior: Simulation Models vs. Whirligig Experiments.

RUI：突发群体行为的机制：模拟模型与旋转实验。

• 批准号: 1144215
• 负责人: William Romey
• 金额: $ 29万
• 依托单位: SUNY College at Potsdam
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1144215&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Mechanisms; Emergent; Swarm; Behavior

Birds, fish, insects, and humans join groups to avoid predators, gather food, and move long distances. The movement rules of these individuals are remarkably similar between species, as are the emergent group patterns. Two principle questions about emergent patterns will be addressed by this project: 1) how do individual differences (size, gender, leadership) influence a group's speed and turning?, and 2) how do groups interact with solid structures? Techniques to answer these questions include: controlled behavioral studies of marked insect groups; studies mixing real and robotic insects; and mathematical simulation models. Projected results include understanding how: 1) panic responses can spread through a crowd based on motions of only several individuals, and 2) leadership, diversity, and the shape of an exit influences escape rates of panicked groups. Other applied outcomes from the research may include the modeling and control of: geese flocks near airports, humans leaving buildings, military robots, and migrating groups of cancer cells. Tools developed during the research, such as the group simulation model, robotic insects, and automatic tracking system, will be detailed in primary literature articles and/or made available on the internet. As well as the primary knowledge resulting from this cutting-edge interdisciplinary work, the project will train and support nine undergraduate students, preparing them to enter graduate school and become the next generation of scientists ready to decipher the behaviors of animal groups moving through our world.

鸟类、鱼类、昆虫和人类结成群体以躲避捕食者、采集食物和长途迁徙。 这些个体的运动规律在物种之间非常相似，就像新兴的群体模式一样。 本项目将解决两个关于涌现模式的原则问题：1）个体差异（大小，性别，领导）如何影响群体的速度和转向？2）群体如何与固体结构相互作用？回答这些问题的技术包括：对有标记的昆虫群体的受控行为研究;混合真实的和机器昆虫的研究;以及数学模拟模型。 预计的结果包括理解：1）恐慌反应如何在人群中传播，仅基于几个人的运动，2）领导力，多样性和出口的形状影响恐慌群体的逃生率。 该研究的其他应用成果可能包括建模和控制：机场附近的鹅群，人类离开建筑物，军事机器人和癌细胞迁移群。 在研究过程中开发的工具，如群体模拟模型，机器人昆虫和自动跟踪系统，将在主要文献文章中详细介绍和/或在互联网上提供。 除了这项尖端跨学科工作所产生的主要知识外，该项目还将培训和支持9名本科生，为他们进入研究生院做好准备，并成为下一代科学家，准备破译动物群体在我们世界中的行为。