Collaborative Research: Hawaiian and Subplinian Basaltic Volcanism: Constraints on Eruption Dynamics from Kilauea

合作研究：夏威夷和亚普林阶玄武岩火山活动：基拉韦厄火山喷发动力学的限制

• 批准号: 1145177
• 负责人: Terry Plank
• 金额: $ 12.44万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1145177&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Hawaiian; Subplinian; Basaltic

Understanding the forces controlling basaltic explosive eruptions is of fundamental importance in order to improve understanding of the range of behaviors of our most frequently active volcanoes and to assess hazards of future explosive events. The summit of Kîlauea is the site of large and growing volcano-tourism (e.g., 5000 visitors/day at the overlook at Jaggar Museum), and there is a public need both for better knowledge of the volcanoes' behavior and improved forecasting of the likely course of future eruptions. Although not its usual style, explosive eruptions have punctuated Kîlauea's history, with five moderately large events since 1500 CE. The study quantifies and models the dominant factors that determine explosive eruptive behavior at Kilauea volcano, through a study of the eruptive products from three plume-forming and fountaining eruptions. The events are episode 1 of the highest historical fountaining eruption at Kîlauea, the 1959 Kîlauea Iki eruption, a much earlier powerful fountaining eruption in 1480 CE and a powerful; plume-forming eruption in 1635 CE.The novelty of the approach lies in using new 'rate-meters' to estimate likely durations of magma ascent beneath the volcano to arrive at the influence of this residence time on the ultimate 'fate' of the magma. The investigators will study microtextures (vesicles and microlites), volatiles in melt inclusions, and embayments in eruptive products.In addition to direct support for 3 graduate students and undergraduate students, results will contribute to educational outreach efforts anchored on development of volcanology classes at University of Hawaii, Columbia University and Rice University. The proposal involves exchange of material and ideas between five institutions to the benefit of young researchers, and undergraduate and graduate classes. Our results will be widely disseminated via the Internet using linked web sites hosted by Hawaiian Volcano Observatory and NSF-funded institutions.

了解控制玄武岩爆炸的力量至关重要，以提高对我们最常活跃的火山行为范围的理解，并评估未来爆炸性事件的危害。 Kîlauea的山顶是大型且不断增长的火山旅游的地点（例如，在Jaggar博物馆的忽视中，有5000名游客/天），公众需要更好地了解火山的行为，并改善了对虽然通常的爆炸性，爆炸性的爆发率较高的kîlaueay modiveration forty ModiStarty Modirestion the ModiStartion the ModiStation the ModiStation the ModiStation the ModiStarty the ModiStation the ModiStarty of Fiftimenty historty of 5 Modirestation。该研究通过研究来自三种羽状和喷发喷发的喷发产物的研究来量化和模拟确定基拉韦阿火山爆炸性喷发行为的主要因素。事件是研究人员将研究微织物（囊泡和微层），融合包含物的挥发物和发射产品的胚胎的第一集。该提案涉及五个机构之间的材料和思想交换，以使年轻研究人员的利益以及本科和研究生班的利益。我们的结果将通过Internet广泛传播，使用夏威夷火山天文台和NSF资助的机构托管的链接网站。