Acquisition of a Fourier Transform Infrared Imaging Microscope at LDEO

该补助金支持在拉蒙多尔蒂地球天文台（LDEO）购买红外（IR）成像显微镜，主要用于测量玻璃和晶体中的水和二氧化碳（CO2）。该仪器将支持哥伦比亚大学、美国自然历史博物馆、该地区其他大学以及高中教师和学生的教师和学生研究。水和CO2分析是研究挥发性元素对地幔过程、火山活动和环境影响的一个日益重要的工具。此次收购将使人们能够详细了解水和二氧化碳在一系列岩石类型和条件下的分布和化学行为。学生将接受仪器程序培训，仪器将服务于大西洋中部各州和新英格兰的区域机构。此次收购还将支持教师的外联工作，使区域K-12和社区大学的学生参与社会相关的环境和地质灾害研究。这种支持与NSF的使命是一致的，即促进科学进步，促进国家健康、繁荣和福利，培养下一代科学工作者。在过去的几年里，人们对水在硅酸盐矿物中的结合和扩散的理解有了飞跃。最近的实验室实验已经揭示了单斜辉石和橄榄石的红外（IR）带特定扩散系数，这意味着晶体的失水率取决于H的特定缺陷。不同的缺陷可以以不同数量级的速率失水。红外成像成为必要的照明特定缺陷的分区配置文件。最近的工作发现，在火山晶体中普遍存在的H环带剖面具有快速映射，并且可能每个晶体都可以告诉它特定的上升历史。岩浆上升速率是一个参数，否则难以约束，但一个可能是至关重要的活力喷发。地幔捕虏体中矿物的水分分带也记录了岩浆上升和捕虏体再平衡的时间，这对于了解地幔岩石圈的含水量和强度至关重要。晶体和熔体中水分带的红外成像，在更高的分辨率和更大的样本群体，有能力提供一个新的理解，不仅是构造板块的挥发性历史，而且是挥发性预算，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的评估来支持。影响审查标准。

This grant supports acquisition of an Infrared (IR) imaging microscope at Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) for research focused primarily on the measurement of water and carbon dioxide (CO2) in glasses and crystals. The instrument will support faculty and student research at Columbia University, the American Museum of Natural History, other universities in the region and high school teachers and students. Water and CO2 analysis is an increasingly important tool in research on volatile element effects on mantle processes, volcanic activity and the environment. Detailed understanding of the distribution and chemical behavior of water and carbon dioxide in a range of rock types and conditions will be enabled by the acquisition. Students will be trained in instrumental procedures and the instrument will serve regional institutions in the Mid-Atlantic states and New England. The acquisition will also support faculty outreach efforts to engage regional K-12 and community college students in societally relevant environmental and geohazards research. This support is congruent with NSF's mission of promoting the progress of science and advancing the national health, prosperity and welfare and training the next generation scientific workforce. The past years have seen a leap in understanding of the incorporation and diffusion of water in silicate minerals. Recent laboratory experiments have revealed infrared (IR) band-specific diffusivities in both clinopyroxene and olivine, meaning that the rate of water loss from a crystal depends on the specific defect that hosts H. Different defects can lose water at rates that vary over orders of magnitude. IR imaging becomes necessary to illuminate the zonation profiles for specific defects. Recent work finds pervasive H zonation profiles in volcanic crystals with rapid mapping, and potentially each crystal can tell its specific ascent history. Magma ascent rate is a parameter otherwise difficult to constrain, but one that may be critical to the vigor of eruption. Water zonation in minerals found in mantle xenoliths also records the timing of magma ascent and xenolith re-equilibration, essential for understanding the water content, and thus strength, of mantle lithosphere. IR imaging of water zonation in crystals and melts, at higher resolution and for greater populations of samples, has the capability to provide a new understanding of not only the volatile history of tectonic plates, but also the volatile budget, migration rate and explosive potential of magmas.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.