Chemically-functionalized nanoparticles for generating novel nanoparticle-polymer hybrid assemblies and robust structures

化学功能化纳米颗粒用于生成新型纳米颗粒-聚合物杂化组件和坚固的结构

• 批准号: 1152360
• 负责人: Todd Emrick
• 金额: $ 42万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-15 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1152360&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemically; functionalized; nanoparticles; generating; novel

Todd Emrick at the University of Massachusetts Amherst is supported by the Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry program in the Division of Chemistry in research on polymer-nanoparticle assembly. Key challenges in macromolecular and nanoscale chemistry include a pressing need to uncover robust routes towards hybrid nanoscale structures that effectively, and precisely, combine synthetic organic polymers with inorganic nanoparticulates. This project seeks to develop the surface chemical functionalization of semiconductor tetrapods, nanorods, and spherical nanoparticles, as well as carbon-based particles like fullerenes and graphene sheets, in facile routes to self-assembled systems and hybrid materials. This requires implementing three primary aspects of polymer/nanoscale chemistry, including: 1) effective nanoparticle grafting chemistry, whereby conventional syntheses of metal and semiconductor nanomaterials are enhanced through the development of novel ligand chemistry, giving functional particles with tailored solubility, reactivity, and processibility; 2) solution assembly of functionalized nanoparticles with polymers, such that well-organized hybrid materials can be realized through simple processing methods; and 3) characterization of the impact of the resultant hybrid materials towards understanding the relationship between nanocomposite morphology and electronic/photophysical properties. The project will lead to numerous advances in the chemistry of nanoparticle functionalization, such as long strings of nanoparticles/nanorods that self-assemble in solution and phase separate on surfaces using easily accessible microscopic techniques. Moreover, the platform materials emanating from this project will lead to a realization of novel self-assembled hybrid systems that are relevant for the next generation of devices that utilize charge carrying materials and nanoscale printing techniques.This project seeks to improve the performance of polymers (i.e., plastics) and tiny metal objects (nanoparticles) for critically important societal needs, including solar cells, memory devices, and printing of complex patterns. Synthetic chemistry is critically important to making advances in these areas. This project especially targets the fabrication of 'well-ordered' materials, whereby polymeric chain-ends are 'tagged' such that they become attracted to (have binding ends for) nanoparticles. The organization of polymers and nanoparticles using these methods will allow solar cell devices to function more efficiently, and complex patterns (of the types used to make microchips) to be developed more economically. The project will be carried out with a strong educational component, involving graduate (Ph.D. level) and undergraduate researchers, while engaging young students (grade school level) with demonstrations and easily comprehensible tutorials that convey the excitement of the science, and enable the students to grasp the concepts, importance, and impact of nanoscale chemistry.

马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校的Todd Emrick得到了化学系大分子、超分子和纳米化学项目的支持，研究聚合物-纳米颗粒组装。大分子和纳米级化学的关键挑战包括迫切需要发现通向混合纳米级结构的可靠途径，这种结构可以有效地、精确地将合成有机聚合物与无机纳米颗粒结合起来。该项目旨在开发半导体四足体、纳米棒、球形纳米颗粒以及富勒烯和石墨烯片等碳基颗粒的表面化学功能化，以方便地实现自组装系统和混合材料。这需要实现聚合物/纳米级化学的三个主要方面，包括：1)有效的纳米颗粒接枝化学，通过开发新的配体化学来增强金属和半导体纳米材料的传统合成，提供具有定制溶解度，反应性和可加工性的功能颗粒；2)功能化纳米粒子与聚合物的溶液组装，从而通过简单的加工方法实现组织良好的杂化材料；3)表征合成的杂化材料对理解纳米复合材料形态与电子/光物理性质之间关系的影响。该项目将在纳米粒子功能化的化学方面取得许多进展，例如在溶液中自组装的长串纳米颗粒/纳米棒，以及使用易于获得的微观技术在表面上进行相分离。此外，从这个项目中产生的平台材料将导致实现新的自组装混合系统，这与利用携带电荷材料和纳米级印刷技术的下一代设备相关。该项目旨在提高聚合物（即塑料）和微小金属物体（纳米颗粒）的性能，以满足至关重要的社会需求，包括太阳能电池、存储设备和复杂图案的打印。合成化学对于在这些领域取得进展至关重要。该项目特别针对“有序”材料的制造，即聚合物链末端被“标记”，这样它们就会被纳米颗粒吸引（有结合末端）。使用这些方法的聚合物和纳米颗粒的组织将使太阳能电池设备更有效地工作，并且更经济地开发复杂的模式（用于制造微芯片的类型）。该项目将具有很强的教育成分，涉及研究生（博士水平）和本科生研究人员，同时吸引年轻学生（小学水平）进行演示和易于理解的教程，传达科学的兴奋，并使学生掌握纳米级化学的概念，重要性和影响。