Chemically-functionalized nanoscale materials: tailored polymer platforms for nanomaterials surfaces and interfaces

化学功能化纳米材料：用于纳米材料表面和界面的定制聚合物平台

• 批准号: 1506839
• 负责人: Todd Emrick
• 金额: $ 53.96万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1506839&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemically; functionalized; nanoscale; materials; tailored

With this award, the Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry Program in the Division of Chemistry is supporting Professor Todd Emrick of the University of Massachusetts Amherst to combine state-of-the-art elements of chemistry and nanoscale science to produce advanced structures, such as electronic devices, that aim to to be smaller, faster, more sensitive, more efficient, and more reliable than those on the market today. For example, polymers and inorganic nanoparticles, once considered separate topics, are blended in this work to make "hybrid structures", each component interacting with the other to produce striking effects. Professor Emrick's group synthesizes polymers ("soft materials") that markedly influence the surface electronic properties of metals (i.e., "hard materials") onto which they are coated. This ability of soft materials to dramatically change the properties of the materials they contact has profound implications for improving the efficiency of numerous devices, including solar cells that collect charge and generate power more efficiently than conventional structures. This project additionally seeks to understand how polymers interact with structures emerging from the latest developments in two-dimensional materials, including those composed of ultrathin layers of carbon, metals, and other elements. The project includes the participation of undergraduate researchers seeking to gain their first laboratory experience, and involves the development of "NanoDays" discussions for middle school and high school students, intended to convey the excitement of nanoscale chemistry to the next generation of researchers. More specifically, the project is engaged in the synthesis of new functional polymer platforms for integration into nanoscale assemblies and hybrid materials structures. The polymers of interest are prepared and used for surface functionalization of metals and 2-D materials, including: 1) polymers with pendent dipoles, and 2) functional polymers tailored for interactions with 2-D nanoscale structures. The dipole-inducing groups fixed pendent to the polymer chains include zwitterionic substituents (hydrophilic dipoles), with preliminary results describing the impact of conjugated polymer zwitterions on metals, producing polymer solar cells with high power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to the effect of the polymers on high work function metal electrodes. These results translate to functionalized 2-D nanostructures, such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), ultimately seeking polymer chemistry-enabled device enhancement. New synthetic zwitterionic polymers will delineate the effect of the pendent zwitterionic groups on underlying substrates, as distinct from polymer backbone characteristics, by comparing aromatic and aliphatic polymers having zwitterionic pendent groups. Augmenting the polymer zwitterions is a sulfur-rich polymer platform aimed to tailor electronic properties and result in novel architectures with improved device metrics.

有了这个奖项，化学系的大分子，超分子和纳米化学项目正在支持马萨诸塞州阿默斯特大学的托德埃姆里克教授联合收割机最先进的化学和纳米科学元素，以生产先进的结构，如电子设备，其目标是比当今市场上的更小，更快，更灵敏，更高效，更可靠。 例如，聚合物和无机纳米粒子，曾经被认为是单独的主题，在这项工作中混合，使“混合结构”，每个组件与其他相互作用，产生惊人的效果。 埃姆里克教授的团队合成了聚合物（“软材料”），这些聚合物显著影响金属的表面电子特性（即，“硬材料”），它们被涂覆在其上。 软材料能够显著改变其接触材料的特性，这对于提高许多设备的效率具有深远的意义，包括比传统结构更有效地收集电荷和发电的太阳能电池。 该项目还试图了解聚合物如何与二维材料最新发展中出现的结构相互作用，包括由碳，金属和其他元素组成的多层结构。 该项目包括寻求获得他们的第一个实验室经验的本科研究人员的参与，并涉及为初中和高中学生开发“NanoDays”讨论，旨在向下一代研究人员传达纳米级化学的兴奋。更具体地说，该项目致力于合成新的功能聚合物平台，以集成到纳米级组件和混合材料结构中。制备感兴趣的聚合物并用于金属和2-D材料的表面官能化，包括：1）具有悬垂偶极子的聚合物，和2）针对与2-D纳米级结构的相互作用而定制的功能聚合物。 固定悬挂到聚合物链的偶极诱导基团包括两性离子取代基（亲水偶极），初步结果描述了共轭聚合物两性离子对金属的影响，由于聚合物对高功函数金属电极的影响，产生具有高功率转换效率（PCE）的聚合物太阳能电池。 这些结果转化为功能化的2-D纳米结构，如石墨烯和过渡金属二硫属化物（TMDC），最终寻求聚合物化学使能的器件增强。 通过比较具有两性离子侧基的芳族和脂族聚合物，新的合成两性离子聚合物将描绘两性离子侧基对底层基质的影响，与聚合物主链特征不同。增强聚合物两性离子是一种富硫聚合物平台，旨在定制电子特性并产生具有改进的器件指标的新型架构。