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An investigation into the acceptance and the opposition of food inspection officers and food businesses towards disclosure regimes

食品检验官员和食品企业对披露制度的接受和反对的调查

基本信息

批准号：
203552599
负责人：
Professor Dr. Norbert Hirschauer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Professur Unternehmensführung im Agribusiness
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/203552599?language=en
关键词：
investigation into acceptance opposition food

项目摘要

From a regulatory perspective, adverse outcomes associated with deviance represent negative externalities that are caused by the breaking of rules designed to prevent them. From a rational choice perspective, the probability of malpractice increases with the benefits for its authors. It decreases with the probability of detection and resulting losses. It also decreases with bonds to social norms that protect producers from yielding to economic temptations. The design of mechanisms that reduce behavioural risks and prevent malpractice requires an understanFding of why food businesses obey or not obey the rules. Our first-time project contributed to a better understanding of malpractice on the restaurant/retail level through a statistical analyses of food inspection results and food businesses survey data. The results show that not only economic incentives but also social and psychological factors influence compliance behaviour. Furthermore, we found evidence that the disclosure system in Berlin provides incentives that have significant potential to increase compliance. Still, there is a considerable number of opponents of disclosure systems among businesses, administrators and policy makers. The strong opposition resulted in the suspension of the disclosure pilot projects in Berlin in 2014. Therefore, new and policy relevant research question arise: What are the main factors that make certain social actors reject/support disclosure policies? And what is the set of actions available to these opponents. If we understand the reasons for rejection of the system, we can suggest measures that have the potential to increase the support of the system (e.g. informational campaigns, modified designs of disclosure schemes). We will analyse the factors that affect the attitude of two influential lobbying groups: the food businesses and the food inspectors. We will also continue our study of behavioural determinants by considering the inspectors evaluations regarding the factors and regulatory measures (including disclosure schemes) that promote business compliance and with it food safety.

从监管的角度来看，与异常行为相关的不利后果是由于违反旨在防止这些行为的规则而造成的负外部性。从理性选择的角度来看，医疗事故的可能性随着作者的利益而增加。它随着被发现的可能性和由此造成的损失而减少。它还随着保护生产者不屈服于经济诱惑的社会规范的束缚而减少。设计减少行为风险和防止不当行为的机制，需要了解食品企业遵守或不遵守规则的原因。我们首次进行的项目，透过食物巡查结果及食物业调查数据的统计分析，有助更深入了解食肆/零售层面的不当行为。结果表明，不仅经济激励，而且社会和心理因素影响遵约行为。此外，我们发现有证据表明，柏林的信息披露制度提供了激励措施，有很大的潜力，以增加遵守。尽管如此，在企业、管理人员和政策制定者中，仍有相当多的人反对披露制度。强烈的反对导致2014年柏林的披露试点项目暂停。因此，新的和政策相关的研究问题出现：是什么主要因素，使某些社会行动者拒绝/支持披露政策？这些对手可以采取的行动是什么。如果我们了解拒绝该制度的原因，我们就可以提出有可能增加对该制度的支持的措施（例如宣传运动、修改披露计划的设计）。我们将分析影响两个有影响力的游说团体态度的因素：食品企业和食品检查员。我们还将继续研究行为决定因素，考虑检查员对促进商业合规和食品安全的因素和监管措施（包括披露计划）的评估。