Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences (COMPRES): National Facilities and Infrastructure Development for High-Pressure Geosciences Research

地球科学材料特性研究联盟 (COMPRES)：高压地球科学研究的国家设施和基础设施开发

• 批准号: 1157758
• 负责人: Jay Bass
• 金额: $ 1200万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1157758&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Consortium; Materials; Properties; Research; Earth

COMPRES is a community-based consortium, comprised of and governed by 57 US member institutions, that supports research in the properties of materials that comprise the interiors of Earth and other planetary bodies, with particular emphasis on highpressure science and technology and related fields. It is charged with the oversight and guidance of specialized high-pressure laboratories at several national synchrotron facilities. COMPRES supports the operation of beam lines, the development of new technologies for high-pressure research, and advocates for science and educational programs to the various funding agencies. In addition to the US membership, 39 foreign institutions are non-voting affiliates of COMPRES. The member institutions guide the direction of the consortium and define its missions. The intellectual and scientific goals of COMPRES are described in the report "Understanding the Building Blocks of the Planet: The Materials Science of Earth Processes", which came out of a 2009 planning workshop (www.compres.us). Through its support of advanced tools for Earth science experimentation, COMPRES enables research on the compositional and thermal structure of Earths interior, its evolution through time, and the dynamical behavior of the crust, mantle and core. There is an intimate relationship between the scientific goals of COMPRES and other geophysical disciplines. The results of mineral physics measurements carried out at COMPRES-supported facilities are critical for interpreting seismological and other geophysical observations in terms of the physical, chemical, and dynamical state of Earths interior. Many of the scientific objectives of the seismological community require investigations of the material properties of Earth materials at extreme pressures and temperatures, as pursued by the COMPRES community. Research done at COMPRES-supported facilities also addresses questions of direct societal impact, such as the causes of earthquakes, carbon sequestration, natural resources, and basic research into new advanced materials.COMPRES supports the operations and equipment needs of three synchrotron beamlines at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory), and one at the Advanced Light Source (ALS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). X-ray beam line X17B2 at NSLS is a center for rheology and equations of state measurements on materials at high pressures and temperatures, using the Large-Volume Multi-Anvil Press (LVP) and a Drickamer deformation apparatus. Beam lines X17B3 and X17C at NSLS are for high-energy X-ray studies of materials using the diamond-anvil cell (DAC) high-pressure apparatus, with resistance and laser heating. Beam line U2A is the worldleading facility for high-pressure infrared spectroscopy. Beam line 12.2.2 at the ALS is the COMPRES West-Coast facility for high-pressure high-temperature research using the diamond cell, and is developing into a center for resistance heating for DAC applications, as well as for laser-heating experiments. COMPRES also supports nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and synchrotron Mössbauer research at Sector 3 of the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Under the new 5-year cooperative agreement, COMPRES will establish a COMPRES Technology Center (COMPTECH) at the APS to develop high-pressure capabilities utilizing other advanced synchrotron techniques, such as single-crystal micro-diffraction, and momentum resolved inelastic scattering. With the planned completion of the NSLS-II - the newest US synchrotron ? in 2015, COMPRES will support high-pressure experimentation at the Project beam line XPD. In addition to providing facilities for large volume and diamond cell experiments upon startup of NSLS-II, a COMPTECH office at NSLS-II will help to exploit the unique capabilities of this new world-leading facility for a new generation of experiments at extreme pressure-temperature conditions.

组合是一个由社区的财团组成的，由57个美国成员机构组成，并支持构成地球内部和其他行星机构的材料的研究，尤其强调了高压科学和技术及相关领域。它被指控在几个国家同步设施中对专门高压实验室的监督和指导。组合支持光束线的运行，用于高压研究的新技术的开发以及为各个资助机构提供科学和教育计划的倡导者。除了美国会员资格外，有39个外国机构是不投票的分支机构。会员机构指导财团的方向并定义其任务。报告的智力和科学目标在“了解地球的基础：地球过程的材料科学”的报告中描述了，该过程来自2009年的计划研讨会（www.compres.us）。通过对地球科学实验的先进工具的支持，可以研究地球内部的组成和热结构，随着时间的推移进化以及地壳，地幔和核心的动态行为。兼容的科学目标与其他地球物理学科之间存在着亲密的关系。在支持的设施上进行的次要物理测量结果对于根据地球内部的物理，化学和动态状态来解释地震学和其他地球物理观察至关重要。地震界的许多科学对象都需要对彼此群落所追求的极端压力和温度下的地球物质物质特性进行调查。在支持的设施上进行的研究还解决了直接社会影响的问题，例如地震，碳固存，自然资源和对新高级材料的基础研究的原因。 NSLS的X射线束线X17B2是使用大量多量多型媒体（LVP）和Drickamer变形设备的材料的流变中心和状态测量方程。 NSL的光束线X17B3和X17C用于使用抑制性和激光加热的钻石 - 洋维池（DAC）高压设备对材料进行高能量X射线研究。 Beam Line U2A是用于高压红外光谱法的世界实质性设施。 ALS的梁线12.2.2是使用钻石细胞进行高压高温研究的西海沿岸设施，并正在发展为DAC应用以及激光加热实验的阻力加热中心。组合还支持晚期光子源（APS）扇区3的核共振X射线散射和同步Mössbauer研究。根据新的5年合作协议，Compres将在APS上建立一个组合技术中心（COMPTECH），以利用其他先进的同步加速器技术（例如单晶微型划分）开发高压功能，而动量解决了弹性散射。随着NSLS -II的计划完成 - 最新的美国同步器？在2015年，组合将支持Project Beam Line XPD的高压实验。除了在NSLS-II启动时提供大容量和钻石细胞实验的设施外，NSLS-II的Comptech Office还将有助于探索这种新的世界领先设施的独特功能，以实现新一代在极端压力温度条件下的新一代实验。