Design and Operation of Bi-Modal Urban Networks: System-Optimum Strategies to Accommodate People's Day-Long Decisions

双模态城市网络的设计和运营：适应人们全天决策的系统优化策略

• 批准号: 1161427
• 负责人: Carlos Daganzo
• 金额: $ 33.97万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1161427&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Design; Operation; Bi; Modal; Urban

The research explores how buses and cars can serve a city's travel needs more effectively. To this end, the research (i) reexamines how people make their travel choices, recognizing that a day has two peak travel periods and that commuters make decisions by jointly considering both peaks; (ii) evaluates city-wide policies in regard to bus fares, parking prices, etc, to induce system-optimum travel patterns; and (iii) develops adaptive operating strategies (such as metering and turning bans) to ensure that the city's optimum ratio of bus and car traffic is accommodated with the least possible congestion, both when buses enjoy priority treatment and when they don't. The tasks are feasible because of recent advances at Berkeley with respect to city-scale modeling. The models are tested, both, with simulations and real-world experiments. If successful, this work will be the first generic analysis to recognize that commuters schedule their trips and select their travel modes, accounting for conditions that occur over the course of an entire day. With the insights that result from this, the work will unveil how these commuter decisions impact both travel peaks together, and how these impacts can best be managed by a city's transportation agency. The research is expected to explore new issues in transportation network design and management, and provide more realistic blueprints for greener, more sustainable urban transport systems. By considering day-long decisions, the research challenges current thinking and may influence future research directions. The research results are integrated into the curriculum at U.C. Berkeley. This will benefit women and under-represented minorities because roughly half of the graduate students in Berkeley's transportation engineering program belong to these demographic groups. Course notes that are developed will be used at other schools by Berkeley graduates and will magnify the long-term benefits of the research.

这项研究探讨了公共汽车和汽车如何更有效地满足城市的出行需求。 为此，研究（i）重新审视人们如何做出出行选择，认识到一天有两个出行高峰期，通勤者通过共同考虑这两个高峰期来做出决定;（ii）评估有关公共汽车票价、停车价格等的全市政策，以诱导系统最佳的出行模式;及（iii）发展适应性经营策略（如计量和转弯禁令），以确保城市的最佳比例的公共汽车和汽车交通是适应尽可能少的拥堵，无论公交车是否享有优先权。 这些任务是可行的，因为伯克利分校最近在城市规模建模方面取得了进展。 该模型进行了测试，无论是模拟和现实世界的实验。如果成功的话，这项工作将是第一个通用的分析，以认识到通勤者安排他们的行程和选择他们的出行方式，考虑到在一整天的过程中发生的条件。 有了由此产生的见解，这项工作将揭示这些通勤决策如何同时影响两个出行高峰，以及城市交通机构如何最好地管理这些影响。 该研究有望探索交通网络设计和管理方面的新问题，并为更环保、更可持续的城市交通系统提供更现实的蓝图。 通过考虑一天的决策，这项研究挑战了当前的思维，并可能影响未来的研究方向。研究成果已纳入U.C.的课程。伯克利这将有利于妇女和代表性不足的少数民族，因为大约一半的研究生在伯克利的交通工程项目属于这些人口群体。所开发的课程笔记将由伯克利的毕业生在其他学校使用，并将放大研究的长期效益。