Collaborative Research: Tsunami and Tropical Storm Sediment Dynamics and Products

合作研究：海啸和热带风暴沉积动力学和产品

• 批准号: 1630099
• 负责人: Robert Weiss
• 金额: $ 32.04万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1630099&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Tsunami; Tropical; Storm

Tsunamis and tropical cyclones pose a serious hazard to coastal communities. Quantifying this hazard is challenging in part because instrumental and historical datasets are too short to capture the extreme range of flood conditions possible at any particular location. Deposits from tsunamis and tropical cyclones, preserved within coastal sediments, provide a means to extend these records. However, there is significant uncertainty related to the movement of sediment during tsunamis and tropical cyclones, which hinders the interpretation of these event deposits. To gain insight in sediment transport during tsunamis and tropical cyclones, computational modeling, informed by the properties of modern and paleo sedimentary deposits, will be performed. One assumption is that similarities exist in flow and transport processes between tsunamis and tropical cyclones; therefore, much can be learned from studying the two phenomena in tandem. Another assumption is that natural patterns exist in tsunami and tropical cyclone deposits such that correlations between deposit properties and their causative event can be obtained with advanced statistical methods coupled to computational modeling. The study will advance understanding of sediment transport during tsunamis and tropical cyclones and will improve the capability to predict the impact of future tsunami and tropical cyclones with more certainty, resulting in more resilient coastal planning, potentially saving lives and protecting livelihoods.

海啸和热带气旋对沿海社区构成严重危害。量化这种危险具有挑战性，部分原因是仪器和历史数据集太短，无法捕捉任何特定位置可能发生的洪水条件的极端范围。海啸和热带气旋的沉积物保存在沿海沉积物中，提供了扩展这些记录的手段。然而，在海啸和热带气旋期间，沉积物的运动存在很大的不确定性，这阻碍了对这些事件沉积物的解释。为了深入了解海啸和热带气旋期间的沉积物输运，将进行由现代和古沉积物性质所告知的计算建模。一个假设是海啸和热带气旋之间的流动和传输过程存在相似之处;因此，通过同时研究这两种现象可以学到很多东西。另一个假设是海啸和热带气旋沉积物中存在自然模式，因此存款属性与其成因事件之间的相关性可以通过与计算建模相结合的先进统计方法获得。该研究将促进对海啸和热带气旋期间沉积物输送的了解，并将提高更确定地预测未来海啸和热带气旋影响的能力，从而提高沿海规划的弹性，从而可能挽救生命并保护生计。

项目成果

Rapid prediction of alongshore run-up distribution from near-field tsunamis

• DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04209-z
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Natural Hazards
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Jun‐Whan Lee;J. Irish;R. Weiss

A sensitivity analysis of barrier island breaching

障壁岛破坏敏感性分析

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Coastal Sediments 2023
• 作者: Beever, M.

Probabilistic Near‐Field Tsunami Source and Tsunami Run‐up Distribution Inferred From Tsunami Run‐up Records in Northern Chile

根据智利北部海啸涌动记录推断的概率近场海啸源和海啸涌动分布

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jc017289
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Lee, Jun‐Whan;Irish, Jennifer L.;Weiss, Robert
• 通讯作者: Weiss, Robert

Real‐Time Prediction of Alongshore Near‐Field Tsunami Runup Distribution From Heterogeneous Earthquake Slip Distribution

从非均匀地震滑移分布实时预测沿岸近场海啸上升分布

• DOI: 10.1029/2022jc018873
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Lee, Jun‐Whan;Irish, Jennifer L.;Weiss, Robert
• 通讯作者: Weiss, Robert

Barrier island modeling insights from applied global sensitivity analyses

来自应用全球敏感性分析的障壁岛建模见解

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Coastal Sediments 2023
• 作者: S.W.H. Hoagland;J.L. Irish;R. Weiss
• 通讯作者: R. Weiss