NRT: Disaster Resilience and Risk Management (DRRM) - Creating quantitative decision making frameworks for multi-dimensional and multi-scale analysis of hazard impact

每个人都可能受到灾难的影响，特别是在沿海地区。目前，十分之六的人居住在海岸附近，容易受到飓风、海啸和其他灾害的影响。沿海和其他灾害也威胁到经济和地缘政治稳定以及国家安全。飓风桑迪(2012)和卡特里娜(2005)以及东北海啸(2011)和台风海燕(2013)提醒人们注意这些灾害造成的巨大长期影响。尽管此类事件的风险不断增加，但资源分配和应对战略往往很复杂，而且利益攸关方的利益各不相同。这项授予弗吉尼亚理工大学的国家科学基金会研究培训(NRT)奖将综合科学、工程、规划和商业方面的专业知识，以解决因自然和人为灾害造成的日益严重的灾害损失这一关键问题。该计划将培养一个由多学科研究人员、实践者和硕士和博士级别的领导人组成的新社区。在五年内，该项目将支持26名领取国家科学基金会津贴的实习生，估计还将有150名学生参加该计划的至少一个要素。每个学员将通过弗吉尼亚理工大学现有的学术实体或通过该大学新的个性化跨学科博士项目获得学位。该项目将开发新的跨学科方法，对增进对不同STEM和非STEM学科的抗灾能力和风险管理的知识和理解至关重要。相关教员不仅是各自学科的专家，而且在跨学科的抗灾能力和风险管理研究和教育方面也有共同的历史。受训者将与教员和其他人合作，开发创新、全面、包容和可持续的方法和实践，寻求减轻由自然和人为灾害引起的灾害。学员还将学习并领导利益攸关方参与练习，探索人们和机构如何应对灾害和风险。将学生研究与利益相关者互动和参与相结合，提供了一种新颖的、潜在的变革性教育组成部分，可以在其他跨学科研究生项目中复制。在灾害发生的社会背景下进行有目的的培训，有可能加深灾害复原力和风险管理专业人员、研究人员和他们所服务的社区之间的交流。教育创新包括i)通过利益相关者参与的独特方法将研究和教育结合在一起，ii)强调有目的地发展跨学科思维，iii)将教职员工和研究生纳入促进多样性和包容性的实践社区。其结果将是不同的、具有全球竞争力的学者，他们了解灾难恢复能力的基本方面及其在传统STEM领域之外的更广泛影响。NSF研究培训(NRT)计划旨在鼓励为STEM研究生教育培训开发和实施大胆的、具有潜在变革意义的新模式。Traineesship Track致力于通过创新的、基于证据的、与不断变化的劳动力和研究需求保持一致的综合培训模式，在高度优先的跨学科研究领域对STEM研究生进行有效培训。

Every human being can be impacted by a disaster, especially in coastal areas. At present, six out of ten people live near the coast and are susceptible to hurricanes, tsunamis, and other hazards. Coastal and other hazards also threaten economic and geopolitical stability, and national security. Hurricanes Sandy (2012) and Katrina (2005) and the Tohoku tsunami (2011) and Typhoon Haiyan (2013) are reminders of the immense long-term impacts such hazards pose. Despite the accelerating risk of such events, resource allocations and coping strategies are often complicated and by varying stakeholder interests. This National Science Foundation Research Traineeship (NRT) award to Virginia Tech will synthesize expertise in science, engineering, planning, and business to address the critical issue of growing disaster losses attributed to both natural and man made hazards. The program will train a new community of multi-disciplinary researchers, practitioners, and leaders at the master's and doctoral levels. Over five years, the project will support 26 trainees on NSF stipends, and an estimated 150 additional students will participate in at least one element of the program. Each trainee will pursue a degree through existing academic entities at Virginia Tech or through the university's new Individualized Interdisciplinary PhD program. The project will develop new transdisciplinary approaches critical for advancing knowledge and understanding of disaster-resilience and risk management across different STEM and non-STEM disciplines. The involved faculty are not only experts in their own disciplines, but also have a shared history of transdisciplinary disaster-resilience and risk management research and education. Trainees will work with faculty and each other to develop innovative, comprehensive, inclusive, and sustainable methods and practices that seek to mitigate disasters emanating from natural and manmade hazards. Trainees will also learn about and lead stakeholder engagement exercises that explore how people and institutions respond to disasters and risk. Integration of student research with stakeholder interaction and engagement provides a novel and potentially transformative educational component that could be replicated in other transdisciplinary graduate programs. Intentional training in the societal context in which disasters unfold has the potential to deepen communications among disaster-resilience and risk management professionals and researchers and the communities they serve. Educational innovations include i) integrating research and education through a unique approach to stakeholder engagement, ii) emphasizing intentional development of transdisciplinary thinking, and iii) integrating faculty and graduate students into a community of practice that fosters diversity and inclusion. The result will be diverse, globally competitive scholars who understand the fundamental aspects of disaster resilience and its broader implications outside traditional STEM fields.The NSF Research Traineeship (NRT) Program is designed to encourage the development and implementation of bold, new potentially transformative models for STEM graduate education training. The Traineeship Track is dedicated to effective training of STEM graduate students in high priority interdisciplinary research areas, through comprehensive traineeship models that are innovative, evidence-based, and aligned with changing workforce and research needs.