NRT: Disaster Resilience and Risk Management (DRRM) - Creating quantitative decision making frameworks for multi-dimensional and multi-scale analysis of hazard impact

每个人都可能受到灾难的影响，特别是在沿海地区。目前，十分之六的人居住在海岸附近，容易受到飓风、海啸和其他灾害的影响。沿海和其他灾害也威胁着经济和地缘政治稳定以及国家安全。桑迪飓风（2012年）和卡特里娜飓风（2005年）、东北海啸（2011年）和台风海燕（2013年）提醒人们，这些灾害会造成巨大的长期影响。尽管这类事件的风险在加速，但资源分配和应对策略往往是复杂的，并受到不同利益相关者利益的影响。这项授予弗吉尼亚理工大学的国家科学基金会研究培训（NRT）奖将综合科学、工程、规划和商业方面的专业知识，以解决由自然灾害和人为灾害造成的日益严重的灾害损失的关键问题。该计划将培养一个由多学科研究人员、实践者和硕士和博士水平的领导者组成的新社区。在5年的时间里，该项目将支持26名获得国家科学基金资助的学员，估计还有150名学生将参与该项目的至少一项内容。每个受训者将通过弗吉尼亚理工大学现有的学术实体或通过该大学新的个性化跨学科博士课程攻读学位。该项目将开发新的跨学科方法，对于提高不同STEM和非STEM学科对灾害恢复能力和风险管理的认识和理解至关重要。参与的教师不仅是各自学科的专家，而且在跨学科灾害恢复和风险管理研究和教育方面有着共同的历史。学员将与教师和彼此合作，开发创新、全面、包容和可持续的方法和实践，以减轻自然和人为灾害造成的灾害。学员还将学习并领导利益攸关方参与演习，探索人们和机构如何应对灾害和风险。学生研究与利益相关者互动和参与的整合提供了一种新颖的、潜在的变革性教育组成部分，可以在其他跨学科研究生课程中复制。在灾害发生的社会背景下进行有意的培训有可能加深抗灾能力和风险管理专业人员和研究人员与他们所服务的社区之间的交流。教育创新包括1)通过一种独特的方式让利益相关者参与进来，将研究和教育结合起来；2)强调跨学科思维的有意发展；3)将教师和研究生整合到一个促进多样性和包容性的实践社区中。其结果将是培养出多样化的、具有全球竞争力的学者，他们了解灾害恢复能力的基本方面及其在传统STEM领域之外的更广泛影响。美国国家科学基金会研究实习生（NRT）计划旨在鼓励开发和实施大胆的、具有潜在变革性的STEM研究生教育培训新模式。通过创新的、基于证据的、与不断变化的劳动力和研究需求相一致的综合培训模式，培训项目致力于在高优先级跨学科研究领域对STEM研究生进行有效培训。

Every human being can be impacted by a disaster, especially in coastal areas. At present, six out of ten people live near the coast and are susceptible to hurricanes, tsunamis, and other hazards. Coastal and other hazards also threaten economic and geopolitical stability, and national security. Hurricanes Sandy (2012) and Katrina (2005) and the Tohoku tsunami (2011) and Typhoon Haiyan (2013) are reminders of the immense long-term impacts such hazards pose. Despite the accelerating risk of such events, resource allocations and coping strategies are often complicated and by varying stakeholder interests. This National Science Foundation Research Traineeship (NRT) award to Virginia Tech will synthesize expertise in science, engineering, planning, and business to address the critical issue of growing disaster losses attributed to both natural and man made hazards. The program will train a new community of multi-disciplinary researchers, practitioners, and leaders at the master's and doctoral levels. Over five years, the project will support 26 trainees on NSF stipends, and an estimated 150 additional students will participate in at least one element of the program. Each trainee will pursue a degree through existing academic entities at Virginia Tech or through the university's new Individualized Interdisciplinary PhD program. The project will develop new transdisciplinary approaches critical for advancing knowledge and understanding of disaster-resilience and risk management across different STEM and non-STEM disciplines. The involved faculty are not only experts in their own disciplines, but also have a shared history of transdisciplinary disaster-resilience and risk management research and education. Trainees will work with faculty and each other to develop innovative, comprehensive, inclusive, and sustainable methods and practices that seek to mitigate disasters emanating from natural and manmade hazards. Trainees will also learn about and lead stakeholder engagement exercises that explore how people and institutions respond to disasters and risk. Integration of student research with stakeholder interaction and engagement provides a novel and potentially transformative educational component that could be replicated in other transdisciplinary graduate programs. Intentional training in the societal context in which disasters unfold has the potential to deepen communications among disaster-resilience and risk management professionals and researchers and the communities they serve. Educational innovations include i) integrating research and education through a unique approach to stakeholder engagement, ii) emphasizing intentional development of transdisciplinary thinking, and iii) integrating faculty and graduate students into a community of practice that fosters diversity and inclusion. The result will be diverse, globally competitive scholars who understand the fundamental aspects of disaster resilience and its broader implications outside traditional STEM fields.The NSF Research Traineeship (NRT) Program is designed to encourage the development and implementation of bold, new potentially transformative models for STEM graduate education training. The Traineeship Track is dedicated to effective training of STEM graduate students in high priority interdisciplinary research areas, through comprehensive traineeship models that are innovative, evidence-based, and aligned with changing workforce and research needs.