New Photophysical and Photoelectrochemical Phenomena in Doped Nanocrystals

掺杂纳米晶体中的新光物理和光电化学现象

• 批准号: 1206221
• 负责人: Daniel Gamelin
• 金额: $ 43.5万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-15 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1206221&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Photophysical; Photoelectrochemical; Phenomena; Doped

TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis research supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry Program seeks to develop new colloidal transition-metal-doped semiconductor nanocrystalline materials that show new photophysical and spectroelectrochemical properties relevant to advanced information-processing, imaging, and energy conversion technologies. Synthetic, analytical, and spectroscopic techniques will be integrated to develop a fundamental understanding of the structure/function relationships that govern the physical properties of these nanocrystals. A balanced research effort incorporating synthetic, spectroscopic, spectroelectrochemical, and analytical approaches will be applied to evaluate the microscopic origins of luminescence saturation in doped semiconductor nanocrystals, the impact of nonradiative decay channels on the intrinsic dual emission of doped semiconductor nanocrystals, the capability of dual-emitting doped semiconductor nanocrystals to probe temperatures in plasmonic microspheres, the microscopic origins of electrobrightening in doped and undoped nanocrystal films, the potential to use electrobrightening for identifying and passivating specific electron or hole traps at nanocrystal surfaces, the technical feasibility of multi-color voltage tunable luminescent films based on combinations of electrobrightened and electroquenched luminescent nanocrystals, and the accessibility of different transition-metal redox states in doped semiconductor nanocrystals. This research will yield new fundamental scientific insights that could alter the ways such materials are understood and applied in various technologies including in information processing, lighting, bioimaging, and energy conversion technologies.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYDoped semiconductor nanostructures are ubiquitous in energy conversion, energy storage, and photocatalysis technologies, as well as in information processing and storage technologies, and they are central to numerous futuristic proposed device technologies including in the area of spin-based electronics. The information learned from this project will have broad implications for each of these technologies. This research will address the development of new forms of matter on nanometer length scales made from semiconductors doped with impurities. This project will also yield new chemical strategies for controlling the physical properties of doped nanocrystals. In addition to yielding new fundamental scientific insight and new forms of matter, this project will also provide advanced technical training for participating undergraduate and graduate students to prepare them for future careers in science, engineering, and education. Special emphasis will be placed on integrating research and education at the undergraduate level through aggressive involvement of undergraduates in this research, incorporation of experiments and concepts from this research into the University of Washington undergraduate curriculum, hosting faculty and students from undergraduate institutions as visiting scientists at University of Washington, and mature outreach activities at Seattle-area community colleges and high schools.

由固态和材料化学计划支持的这项研究旨在开发新的胶体过渡金属掺杂的半导体纳米晶材料，这些材料显示出与先进信息处理，成像和能量转换技术相关的新的光物理和光谱电化学特性。合成，分析和光谱技术将被整合，以发展管理这些纳米晶体的物理性质的结构/功能关系的基本理解。一个平衡的研究工作，结合合成，光谱，光谱电化学和分析方法将被应用于评估掺杂半导体纳米晶体中发光饱和的微观起源，非辐射衰变通道对掺杂半导体纳米晶体的固有双重发射的影响，双重发射掺杂半导体纳米晶体探测等离子体微球温度的能力，掺杂和未掺杂的电致发光膜中电致发光的微观起源，使用电致发光来识别和钝化电致发光表面处的特定电子或空穴陷阱的潜力，基于电致发光和电猝灭发光纳米晶体的组合的多色电压可调发光膜的技术可行性，以及掺杂半导体纳米晶体中不同过渡金属氧化还原态的可及性。这项研究将产生新的基础科学见解，可能会改变这些材料的理解方式，并应用于各种技术，包括信息处理，照明，生物成像和能量转换技术。非技术概述掺杂的半导体纳米结构在能量转换，能量存储和储能技术中无处不在，以及在信息处理和存储技术中，并且它们是包括基于自旋的电子学领域中的许多未来提出的器件技术的核心。从该项目中获得的信息将对这些技术中的每一项产生广泛的影响。这项研究将解决由掺杂杂质的半导体制成的纳米长度尺度上的新形式物质的发展。该项目还将产生新的化学策略，用于控制掺杂纳米晶体的物理性质。除了产生新的基本科学见解和新的物质形式外，该项目还将为参与的本科生和研究生提供先进的技术培训，为他们未来的科学，工程和教育职业做好准备。将特别强调通过积极参与本科生在这项研究，实验和概念，从这项研究纳入华盛顿大学本科课程，主办教师和学生从本科院校作为访问科学家在华盛顿大学，并在西雅图地区的社区学院和高中成熟的推广活动在本科层次的研究和教育。