CNH-Ex: The Influence of the Size of Protected Areas on Their Ecological and Economic Effectiveness

CNH-Ex：保护区规模对其生态和经济有效性的影响

• 批准号: 1211142
• 负责人: Paul Armsworth
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1211142&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Ex; Influence; Size; Protected

Protected areas such as national and state parks and nature reserves play a vital role in biological conservation. They also strongly affect human societies because they entail economic costs and confer social benefits through recreation and provision of natural resources. While numerous studies have focused on how to design reserves to best conserve species and natural habitats, little research has been done to offer guidance on how to design reserves to best minimize costs and maximize benefits to local residents or to society more broadly. This project will investigate how reserve design can affect both the natural system within a reserve and the human system outside it, and how these effects can interact to determine the net benefits of reserves to conservation and society. The research focuses on one of the most basic and variable aspects of reserve design, reserve size; and on protected areas in the deciduous forests of the central and southern Appalachians, an area of high biological diversity and extensive human use. On the social side, the project will combine econometric analyses of land acquisitions with analyses of the conservation goals of particular land deals and the management plans put in place to achieve them. On the biological side, researchers will combine GIS analysis of land cover changes within and around protected areas with ecological field surveys. Overall, the project will examine how the costs of delivering improvements in the ecological objectives of protected areas respond to their size. This project is specifically intended to help policy makers and land managers increase the economic efficiency and ecological effectiveness of protected areas. The research will be done in close collaboration with The Natural Conservancy, the largest non-governmental land trust in the U.S. Partnership with this and other managerial organizations will serve to disseminate results widely, and the project will provide partners with management tools including geodatabases and endowment calculators. The project will also enhance the scientific workforce by training a postdoctoral researcher, two Ph.D. students, and undergraduate students, and by establishing a new, interdisciplinary collaboration between young scientist early in their careers.

国家公园、州立公园和自然保护区等保护区在生物保护中发挥着至关重要的作用。 它们还强烈影响人类社会，因为它们带来经济成本，并通过娱乐和提供自然资源带来社会效益。 虽然许多研究都集中在如何设计保护区以最好地保护物种和自然栖息地，但很少有研究为如何设计保护区以最大程度地降低成本并最大限度地提高当地居民或更广泛的社会效益提供指导。 该项目将研究保护区设计如何影响保护区内的自然系统和保护区外的人类系统，以及这些影响如何相互作用以确定保护区对保护和社会的净效益。 研究重点是储备设计最基本、最可变的方面之一——储备规模；以及阿巴拉契亚山脉中部和南部落叶林保护区，该地区生物多样性丰富，人类广泛利用。 在社会方面，该项目将把土地收购的计量经济学分析与特定土地交易的保护目标以及为实现这些目标而制定的管理计划的分析结合起来。 在生物学方面，研究人员将把保护区内部和周围土地覆盖变化的地理信息系统分析与生态实地调查结合起来。 总体而言，该项目将研究改善保护区生态目标的成本如何与其规模相适应。该项目专门旨在帮助政策制定者和土地管理者提高保护区的经济效益和生态效益。 该研究将与美国最大的非政府土地信托基金自然保护协会密切合作进行。与该组织和其他管理组织的合作将有助于广泛传播研究结果，该项目将为合作伙伴提供包括地理数据库和捐赠计算器在内的管理工具。 该项目还将通过培训一名博士后研究员、两名博士生来增强科学队伍。学生和本科生，并在年轻科学家职业生涯早期建立新的跨学科合作。