Collaborative Research: Computational Methods for Simulating Complex Coastal Watersheds and Floodplains

合作研究：模拟复杂沿海流域和洪泛区的计算方法

• 批准号: 1217071
• 负责人: Clinton Dawson
• 金额: $ 16.5万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1217071&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Computational; Methods; Simulating

Accurate and efficient computational modeling of rainfall flooding events presents significant challenges. These challenges are primarily due to the complex topology of coastal watersheds and floodplains, and in particular urban environments, which include numerous features relevant to flooding such as small-scale drainage channels, piping networks, etc, that receive stormwater from both the landfall of storm surge and runoff/overland flow due to rainfall. The primary objective of this project is improve the predictive capability of coastal hydrodynamic models for flooding in complex coastal watersheds and floodplains using a novel multi-physics modeling paradigm. An adaptive multi-physics/multi-dimensional modeling approach will be investigated that can adaptively switch between various models in order to simultaneously optimize physical correctness and computational efficiency. The development of such an approach, along with the supporting concepts and numerical tools that will make its application to full-scale problems possible, is the main goal of the proposed research. This work will be explored in the context of discontinuous Galerkin methods, building and expanding on the PIs' extensive work in the area of shallow water modeling using high-order discontinuous Galerkin methods.Recent storm events, for example Hurricane Irene, which led to extensive flooding along much of the U.S. East Coast, have demonstrated the severe vulnerability of coastal lowlands and watersheds to storm surge combined with torrential rainfall. These types of disasters highlight the rising importance of effective emergency management and hazard mitigation, and the need for advanced, physics-based models to better understand their impacts. The potential for future storms with destructive flooding in low-lying coastal areas due to inland storm surge combined with torrential rainfall is high. Observations show an increase in hurricane intensity in the North Atlantic since the 1970s and research suggests continued increases in storm intensity and significant potential for heavy rainfall in many regions. The devastating flooding related to these events, along with predicted rapid coastal development, will result in greater coastal risk in the future and poses serious challenges to physical infrastructure, water quality, and sustainability of coastal communities. The research under this project will have a significant impact on the development of the next generation of coastal hydrodynamic models. Additional impacts resulting from the proposed activity include 1) a better scientific understanding and ability to predict the complex flooding scenarios due to combined storm surge propagation and torrential rainfall/runoff events, which can lead to more informed decision-making and emergency management planning. that will help protect the coastal population and infrastructure; 2) the education and training of graduate students and other researchers through courses, seminars, workshops and direct involvement in the research. The project will expose the students to multi-discplinary collaboration in computational mathematics, civil engineering, hydrology, and coastal ocean science; and 3) the transfer of technology and findings to federal agencies such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, various state and local agencies, coastal industries, and other academic institutions.

降雨洪水事件的准确有效的计算建模提出了重大挑战。这些挑战主要是由于沿海流域和洪泛区的复杂拓扑，尤其是城市环境，其中包括与洪水相关的许多特征，例如小规模的排水通道，管道网络等，从风暴涌出的登陆和由于降雨而接收雨水。 该项目的主要目的是提高沿海流体动力模型在复杂的沿海流域和洪泛区使用新颖的多物理建模范式中洪水的预测能力。将研究一种自适应多物理/多维建模方法，该方法可以在各种模型之间适应性切换，以同时优化物理正确性和计算效率。这种方法的开发以及将使其在全尺度问题成为可能的支持概念和数值工具的发展是拟议研究的主要目标。这项工作将在不连续的盖尔金方法的背景下进行探讨，并使用高级不连续的Galerkin方法来建立和扩展PIS在浅水建模领域的广泛工作。例如，飓风艾琳（Hurricane Irene），艾琳飓风，导致了美国东海岸的大部分地区广泛的洪水泛滥，这表明了沿海地区和沿海地区的严重脆弱的范围。 这些类型的灾难强调了有效的应急管理和缓解危害的重要性以及对基于物理的高级模型的需求更好地了解其影响。 由于内陆风暴潮与降雨相结合，在低洼沿海地区发生破坏性洪水的可能性暴风雨的潜力很高。 观察结果表明，自1970年代以来，北大西洋的飓风强度有所增加，研究表明，许多地区的风暴强度持续增加，大雨的巨大潜力持续增加。与这些事件有关的毁灭性洪水以及预测的快速沿海发展将在未来带来更大的沿海风险，并对沿海社区的物理基础设施，水质和可持续性构成严重挑战。 该项目下的研究将对下一代沿海流体动力模型的发展产生重大影响。 拟议活动造成的其他影响包括1）更好的科学理解和能够预测由于风暴潮的繁殖和暴跌降雨/径流事件而预测复杂的洪水场景的能力，这可能会导致更明智的决策和紧急管理计划。 这将有助于保护沿海人口和基础设施； 2）通过课程，研讨会，研讨会和直接参与研究的研究生和其他研究人员的教育和培训。该项目将使学生接触到计算数学，土木工程，水文学和沿海海洋科学方面的多篇合作； 3）将技术和发现转移给联邦机构，例如国家海洋和大气管理局，美国陆军工程兵团，各个州和地方机构，沿海工业以及其他学术机构。