Collaborative Research: Computational Methods for Simulating Complex Coastal Watersheds and Floodplains

合作研究：模拟复杂沿海流域和洪泛区的计算方法

• 批准号: 1217071
• 负责人: Clinton Dawson
• 金额: $ 16.5万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1217071&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Computational; Methods; Simulating

Accurate and efficient computational modeling of rainfall flooding events presents significant challenges. These challenges are primarily due to the complex topology of coastal watersheds and floodplains, and in particular urban environments, which include numerous features relevant to flooding such as small-scale drainage channels, piping networks, etc, that receive stormwater from both the landfall of storm surge and runoff/overland flow due to rainfall. The primary objective of this project is improve the predictive capability of coastal hydrodynamic models for flooding in complex coastal watersheds and floodplains using a novel multi-physics modeling paradigm. An adaptive multi-physics/multi-dimensional modeling approach will be investigated that can adaptively switch between various models in order to simultaneously optimize physical correctness and computational efficiency. The development of such an approach, along with the supporting concepts and numerical tools that will make its application to full-scale problems possible, is the main goal of the proposed research. This work will be explored in the context of discontinuous Galerkin methods, building and expanding on the PIs' extensive work in the area of shallow water modeling using high-order discontinuous Galerkin methods.Recent storm events, for example Hurricane Irene, which led to extensive flooding along much of the U.S. East Coast, have demonstrated the severe vulnerability of coastal lowlands and watersheds to storm surge combined with torrential rainfall. These types of disasters highlight the rising importance of effective emergency management and hazard mitigation, and the need for advanced, physics-based models to better understand their impacts. The potential for future storms with destructive flooding in low-lying coastal areas due to inland storm surge combined with torrential rainfall is high. Observations show an increase in hurricane intensity in the North Atlantic since the 1970s and research suggests continued increases in storm intensity and significant potential for heavy rainfall in many regions. The devastating flooding related to these events, along with predicted rapid coastal development, will result in greater coastal risk in the future and poses serious challenges to physical infrastructure, water quality, and sustainability of coastal communities. The research under this project will have a significant impact on the development of the next generation of coastal hydrodynamic models. Additional impacts resulting from the proposed activity include 1) a better scientific understanding and ability to predict the complex flooding scenarios due to combined storm surge propagation and torrential rainfall/runoff events, which can lead to more informed decision-making and emergency management planning. that will help protect the coastal population and infrastructure; 2) the education and training of graduate students and other researchers through courses, seminars, workshops and direct involvement in the research. The project will expose the students to multi-discplinary collaboration in computational mathematics, civil engineering, hydrology, and coastal ocean science; and 3) the transfer of technology and findings to federal agencies such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, various state and local agencies, coastal industries, and other academic institutions.

准确和高效的降雨洪水事件计算模型提出了重大挑战。这些挑战主要是由于沿海流域和洪泛平原的复杂拓扑结构，特别是城市环境，其中包括许多与洪水相关的特征，如小型排水渠道、管网等，这些特征从风暴潮登陆和降雨引起的径流/陆地流中接收雨水。该项目的主要目标是利用一种新的多物理场建模范式，提高沿海水动力模型对复杂沿海流域和洪泛平原洪水的预测能力。本文将研究一种自适应多物理场/多维建模方法，该方法可以在各种模型之间自适应切换，以同时优化物理正确性和计算效率。这种方法的发展，以及支持概念和数值工具，将使其应用于全面的问题成为可能，是拟议研究的主要目标。这项工作将在不连续伽辽金方法的背景下进行探索，建立和扩展pi在使用高阶不连续伽辽金方法进行浅水建模领域的广泛工作。最近的风暴事件，例如导致美国东海岸大部分地区发生大面积洪水的飓风艾琳，表明了沿海低地和流域在风暴潮和暴雨面前的严重脆弱性。这些类型的灾害突出表明，有效的应急管理和减灾日益重要，需要先进的基于物理的模型来更好地了解灾害的影响。由于内陆风暴潮和暴雨，未来低洼沿海地区发生破坏性洪水的可能性很高。观测显示，自20世纪70年代以来，北大西洋的飓风强度有所增加，研究表明，风暴强度将继续增加，许多地区可能出现强降雨。与这些事件相关的毁灭性洪水，以及预计的沿海快速发展，将导致未来更大的沿海风险，并对基础设施、水质和沿海社区的可持续性构成严重挑战。本项目的研究将对下一代海岸水动力模型的发展产生重大影响。拟议的活动产生的其他影响包括：1)更好地科学理解和预测由于风暴潮传播和暴雨/径流事件共同导致的复杂洪水情景的能力，这可能导致更明智的决策和应急管理规划。这将有助于保护沿海人口和基础设施；2)通过课程、研讨会、讲习班和直接参与研究对研究生和其他研究人员进行教育和培训。该项目将使学生接触到计算数学、土木工程、水文学和沿海海洋科学等多学科的合作；3)将技术和发现转让给联邦机构，如国家海洋和大气管理局、美国陆军工程兵团、各州和地方机构、沿海工业和其他学术机构。