Collaborative research: Testing hypotheses for drumlin formation at Mulajokull, Iceland
合作研究:测试冰岛穆拉冰盖鼓林形成的假设
基本信息
- 批准号:1225812
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 22.36万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-09-01 至 2015-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The leading hypothesis for the formation of drumlins--elongate hills that form beneath sediment-floored glaciers--is that they are nucleated where low pore-water pressure in the sediment bed inhibits its shear. These parts of the bed may resist erosion and prompt local deposition, causing hills to form. However, a drumlin field recently exposed by the retreat of the surge-type Icelandic glacier, Múlajökull, provides a compelling alternative hypothesis: that drumlins form in zones of low effective stress (total ice pressure minus pore-water pressure) associated with swarms of longitudinal crevasses in the glacier margin. These two hypotheses lead to predictions of effective-stress and bed-deformation patterns that are conspicuously different. During two field seasons, these patterns will be studied at Múlajökull by trenching drumlins and their intervening swales and then collecting intact till specimens for two kinds of analyses. Some samples will be compacted in consolidation tests, a well-established technique for inferring the past maximum effective stress on former glacier beds that has not yet been applied systematically to drumlins. Other samples will have their anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measured, and preferred orientations of susceptibility will be used to determine patterns of deformation in the drumlins and intervening areas. If past effective stresses were anomalously low in drumlins, the leading hypothesis for their formation would be contradicted, and the crevasse hypothesis would be supported. The same would be true if AMS patterns were either not related to drumlin morphology or indicated convergent shear of bed sediments toward the up-glacier ends of drumlins. The origin of drumlins, which cover vast areas of Canada, Scandinavia, Britain, Ireland, and the northern U.S., is one of the longest standing problems in Earth science. Although drumlins have been the subject of over 1300 scientific contributions since their study began ~150 years ago, the origin of no drumlin field is known definitively. By focusing on a drumlin field that is "active" in the sense that it has been shaped by the current glacial regime and studying drumlin sediments in new ways, this research in central Iceland will help illuminate the processes that sculpt one of the most emblematic and mysterious of glacial landforms. Results will also provide guidance for predicting the distribution of drag at the beds of ice sheets, a fundamental factor in estimating their speeds. This project will support the education of two graduate students and will provide international independent study projects for six undergraduate students from underrepresented groups. A request will be made for a high school teacher, supported by the NSF-supported PolarTREC program, to participate in the field work. This teacher would stream his or her experiences daily back to multiple classrooms with the goals of exposing K-12 students to glacial geologic research and interactively answering their questions.This project is co-supported by the Geomorphology and Land Use Dynamics program and the Office of International Science and Engineering.
关于鼓岭(在沉积物覆盖的冰川下形成的细长山丘)形成的主要假设是,它们在沉积物床中的低孔隙水压力抑制其剪切的地方成核。河床的这些部分可以抵抗侵蚀,促进局部沉积,形成山丘。然而,最近由于浪涌型冰岛冰川Múlajökull的退缩而暴露的鼓林场提供了一个令人信服的替代假设:鼓林形成于与冰川边缘的纵向裂缝群相关的低有效应力区(总冰压力减去孔隙水压力)。这两个假设导致预测的有效应力和床变形模式是显着不同的。在两个野外季节中,将在穆拉冰盖对这些模式进行研究,方法是挖沟挖掘鼓鱼及其中间的洼地,然后收集完整的冰碛物标本进行两种分析。一些样品将在固结试验中压实,这是一种用于推断前冰川床上过去最大有效应力的成熟技术,尚未系统地应用于鼓岭。其他样品将测量其磁化率各向异性(AMS),磁化率的优选方向将用于确定鼓和中间区域的变形模式。如果过去的有效应力是非常低的鼓,其形成的主要假设将是矛盾的,和裂缝假说将得到支持。同样的情况也是如此,如果AMS模式是不相关的鼓状形态或指示收敛剪切床沉积物朝向冰川端鼓状。加拿大、斯堪的纳维亚、英国、爱尔兰和北方美国的大片地区都有鼓鱼的起源,是地球科学中存在时间最长的问题之一尽管从150年前开始研究以来,已经有超过1300篇科学论文对德鲁姆林进行了研究,但没有一个德鲁姆林场的起源是明确的。通过专注于一个“活跃”的德鲁姆林场,从某种意义上说,它是由当前的冰川制度塑造的,并以新的方式研究德鲁姆林沉积物,冰岛中部的这项研究将有助于阐明塑造最具象征性和神秘的冰川地貌之一的过程。结果还将为预测冰盖床的阻力分布提供指导,这是估计其速度的一个基本因素。该项目将支持两名研究生的教育,并将为代表性不足群体的六名本科生提供国际独立学习项目。将要求一名高中教师在NSF支持的PolartREC项目的支持下参加实地工作。这位教师每天将他或她的经验流回多个教室,目的是让K-12学生接触冰川地质研究,并互动地回答他们的问题。该项目由地貌和土地利用动态计划以及国际科学与工程办公室共同支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
A Theoretical Model of Drumlin Formation Based on Observations at Múlajökull, Iceland
基于冰岛莫拉杰库尔观测的 Drumlin 地层理论模型
- DOI:10.1002/2017jf004354
- 发表时间:2017
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Iverson, N. R.;McCracken, R. G.;Zoet, L. K.;Benediktsson, Í. Ö.;Schomacker, A.;Johnson, M. D.;Woodard, J.
- 通讯作者:Woodard, J.
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Neal Iverson其他文献
Neal Iverson的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Neal Iverson', 18)}}的其他基金
Hydraulic Permeability of Temperate Ice
温带冰的水力渗透率
- 批准号:
2129252 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Two-Phase Dynamics of Temperate Ice
NSFGEO-NERC:合作研究:温带冰的两相动力学
- 批准号:
1643120 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
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Collaborative research: Development of sliding laws for glacier-flow and landscape-evolution models
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- 批准号:
1660972 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Testing hypothesis for drumlin fomation at Mulajokul, Iceland
合作研究:检验冰岛穆拉霍库鼓林构造的假设
- 批准号:
1540156 - 财政年份:2015
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$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF GLACIER SLIP OVER HARD AND SOFT BEDS
硬床和软床冰川滑移的实验研究
- 批准号:
1023586 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
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合作研究:冰川地震活动及其与基底运动的关系
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0909048 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
A Field and Theoretical Study of Sediment Transport near the Basal Thermal Transition of a Polythermal Glacier
多温冰川基底热转变附近沉积物输送的现场和理论研究
- 批准号:
0541918 - 财政年份:2006
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$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
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- 批准号:
0618747 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Sediment Transport by the Laurentide Ice Sheet: Testing the Bed-Deformation Hypothesis Using Till Microstructural Characteristics
劳伦太德冰盖的沉积物输送:利用 Till 微观结构特征检验河床变形假说
- 批准号:
0444921 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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Till 变形的协作研究:将微观结构特征与应变联系起来
- 批准号:
0136006 - 财政年份:2002
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$ 22.36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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