The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Final Design Phase

AST-1227061，PI：William S.史密斯大型综合巡天望远镜（LSST）是一种大口径、宽视场、地基望远镜，将在六个光度波段巡天。 图像、警报和由此产生的目录将提供给美国和智利社区，没有专有期。 LSST项目被2010年天文学和天体物理学十年巡天选为最优先的地基项目，目前计划持续十年，将产生一个适合回答天体物理学、宇宙学和基础物理学中广泛紧迫问题的数据库。 相同的数据集可用于表征暗能量和暗物质的特性;对探测到的光学瞬变产生几乎即时的警报，例如遥远星系中的爆炸恒星;发现并提供潜在危险的近地天体的轨道;并以高天体测量精度和前所未有的光度深度对数十亿个天体进行编目。 没有其他正在运行或计划中的设施能够同时进行大面积和快速的时间采样来解决这些问题。该项目已经满足了整个建设项目的初步设计审查（PDR）的要求。 目前的奖项，由LSST成员机构的贡献补充，将允许LSST项目建立在他们现有的努力，以满足最终设计审查（FDR）的要求，并准备建设。 这一支助的优先事项是：1）完成望远镜和支助设施主要组成部分的规格和招标程序，使该项目成为施工准备就绪项目; 2）开发数据处理的改进算法，重点是那些推动计算硬件尺寸模型的算法; 3）实施PDR建议，为项目进入施工准备阶段提供了重要的指导方针; 4）实施挣值管理系统，更新FDR所需的成本计算和其他文件; 5）完成执行施工阶段的高级管理团队的人员配置; 6）通过硬件和软件原型和系统模拟来持续降低风险。LSST数据管理系统需要创新的大规模数据库技术。 为了满足科学要求，该项目将需要使用超级计算技术，并创建一个通用的数据和算法并行框架，该框架将作为开源软件可在任何高性能并行科学应用程序上重复使用。 这些计划的持续发展将产生天文学界以外的更广泛的利益。 该奖项还支持该项目的推广咨询委员会，以及与计划的科学计划密切相关的教育和公共推广活动的持续发展。

AST-1227061, PI: William S. SmithThe Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is a large-aperture, wide-field, ground-based telescope that will survey the visible sky in six photometric bands. The images, alerts, and resulting catalogs will be made available to the United States and Chilean communities with no proprietary period. The LSST project was selected as the highest priority ground-based project by the 2010 astronomy and astrophysics decadal survey.The survey is currently planned to last for ten years and will produce a database suitable for answering a wide range of pressing questions in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. The same data set can be used to characterize the properties of dark energy and dark matter; produce nearly instant alerts of detected optical transients such as exploding stars in distant galaxies; discover and provide orbits for potentially hazardous near-Earth objects; and catalog billions of objects with both high astrometric precision and unprecedented photometric depth. No other facility in operation or planned will have the simultaneous wide area and rapid temporal sampling to address these issues.The project has already met the requirements of a Preliminary Design Review (PDR) of the full construction project. The present award, supplemented by contributions from LSST member institutions, will allow the LSST Project to build on their existing efforts to meet the requirements of a Final Design Review (FDR) and to be ready for construction. The priorities for this support are: 1) Moving the project to become construction-ready by completing the specifications and the bidding process for the major components of the telescope and support facility; 2) Developing improved algorithms for data processing with emphasis on those that drive the sizing model for computing hardware; 3) Implementing the PDR recommendations, which provide important guidelines for moving the project toward construction readiness; 4) Implementing an Earned Value Management System and updating costing and other documentation required for FDR; 5) Completing staffing of the senior management team that will carry out the construction phase; and 6) Continuing risk reduction through hardware and software prototyping and system simulations.The LSST data management system needs innovative, large-scale database techniques. To meet the science requirements, the project will need to use supercomputing technologies and create a general-purpose data and algorithm-parallel framework that will be available as open source software reusable on any high-performance, parallel scientific application. Continued development of these plans will yield much broader benefits beyond the astronomical community. This award also supports the project's Outreach Advisory Board and the continued development of educational and public outreach activities intimately connected with the planned scientific program.