The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Final Design Phase

大型综合巡天望远镜最终设计阶段

• 批准号: 1227061
• 负责人: Charles Mattias Mountain
• 金额: $ 2463.08万
• 依托单位: Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1227061&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Large; Synoptic; Survey; Telescope; Final

AST-1227061, PI: William S. SmithThe Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is a large-aperture, wide-field, ground-based telescope that will survey the visible sky in six photometric bands. The images, alerts, and resulting catalogs will be made available to the United States and Chilean communities with no proprietary period. The LSST project was selected as the highest priority ground-based project by the 2010 astronomy and astrophysics decadal survey.The survey is currently planned to last for ten years and will produce a database suitable for answering a wide range of pressing questions in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. The same data set can be used to characterize the properties of dark energy and dark matter; produce nearly instant alerts of detected optical transients such as exploding stars in distant galaxies; discover and provide orbits for potentially hazardous near-Earth objects; and catalog billions of objects with both high astrometric precision and unprecedented photometric depth. No other facility in operation or planned will have the simultaneous wide area and rapid temporal sampling to address these issues.The project has already met the requirements of a Preliminary Design Review (PDR) of the full construction project. The present award, supplemented by contributions from LSST member institutions, will allow the LSST Project to build on their existing efforts to meet the requirements of a Final Design Review (FDR) and to be ready for construction. The priorities for this support are: 1) Moving the project to become construction-ready by completing the specifications and the bidding process for the major components of the telescope and support facility; 2) Developing improved algorithms for data processing with emphasis on those that drive the sizing model for computing hardware; 3) Implementing the PDR recommendations, which provide important guidelines for moving the project toward construction readiness; 4) Implementing an Earned Value Management System and updating costing and other documentation required for FDR; 5) Completing staffing of the senior management team that will carry out the construction phase; and 6) Continuing risk reduction through hardware and software prototyping and system simulations.The LSST data management system needs innovative, large-scale database techniques. To meet the science requirements, the project will need to use supercomputing technologies and create a general-purpose data and algorithm-parallel framework that will be available as open source software reusable on any high-performance, parallel scientific application. Continued development of these plans will yield much broader benefits beyond the astronomical community. This award also supports the project's Outreach Advisory Board and the continued development of educational and public outreach activities intimately connected with the planned scientific program.

大型天文观测望远镜是一种大口径、广视场、地基望远镜，它将在六个光度波段上观测可见光天空。图像、警报和生成的目录将向美国和智利社区提供，没有专利期。LSST项目被2010年天文学和天体物理学十年调查选为最优先的地面项目。目前，该调查计划持续十年，并将产生一个适合回答天体物理、宇宙学和基础物理中广泛紧迫问题的数据库。同样的数据集可以用来描述暗能量和暗物质的性质；产生对探测到的光学瞬变(如遥远星系中的恒星爆炸)的几乎即时警报；发现潜在危险的近地天体并提供其轨道；以及以高天体测量精度和前所未有的光度深度为数十亿个天体编目。其他正在运作或计划中的设施，将不会同时进行广域和快速的时间取样，以解决这些问题。该项目已经满足了整个建设项目的初步设计审查(PDR)的要求。本奖项加上LSST成员机构的贡献，将使LSST项目能够在现有努力的基础上，满足最终设计审查(FDR)的要求，并准备施工。这项支助的优先事项是：1)通过完成望远镜和支助设施主要部件的规格和招标程序，使项目做好施工准备；2)开发改进的数据处理算法，重点是那些推动计算硬件规模模型的算法；3)执行PDR建议，这为使项目进入施工准备状态提供了重要的指导方针；4)实施挣值管理系统，更新FDR所需的成本计算和其他文件；5)完成将进行施工阶段的高级管理小组的人员配置；6)通过软硬件原型和系统模拟继续降低风险。LSST数据管理系统需要创新的大规模数据库技术。为了满足科学要求，该项目将需要使用超级计算技术，并创建一个通用的数据和算法并行框架，该框架将作为可在任何高性能、并行科学应用程序上重复使用的开源软件提供。这些计划的继续发展将产生超出天文界的更广泛的好处。该奖项还支持该项目的外联顾问委员会，以及继续开展与计划中的科学计划密切相关的教育和公共外联活动。