COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Cross-national differences in vaccination as unselfish behavior

合作研究：疫苗接种方面的跨国差异是无私行为

• 批准号: 1227390
• 负责人: Alison Galvani
• 金额: $ 37.12万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1227390&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Cross; national; differences

Concern for others may play a significant role in decision making. This research examines cross-national differences in the role that concern for others plays in vaccination decisions using surveys and psychological experiments. The research also examines the influence of this concern on predicted cross-national influenza vaccination rates through mathematical modeling. This interdisciplinary research integrates concepts, tools, and objectives from economics, psychology, mathematics, and epidemiology. The research involves an age-structured mathematical model of infectious-disease transmission. The model uses game theory to incorporate age-dependent vaccination decisions and statistical methods to estimate the probability that individuals will choose to vaccinate against influenza, based on responses to survey items on concern for others and perceptions of infection risk. Focusing on the USA, Japan, France, and China, this research assesses how contact patterns and influenza vaccination decision making vary across cultures and how they can inform nation-specific strategies to promote vaccination. The interface of biological systems, indivduals' decision making, and social and cultural influences illuminates the dynamic interplay between an infectious disease and social decision making. The research is likely to discover novel ways to increase vaccination coverage against influenza, as well as other diseases, by understanding pro-social tendencies.

对他人的关心可能在决策中起重要作用。本研究通过调查和心理学实验考察了关心他人在疫苗接种决策中所起作用的跨国差异。该研究还通过数学建模研究了这种担忧对预测的跨国流感疫苗接种率的影响。这种跨学科的研究整合了经济学，心理学，数学和流行病学的概念，工具和目标。这项研究涉及一个传染病传播的年龄结构数学模型。该模型使用博弈论，将年龄相关的疫苗接种决策和统计方法，以估计个人将选择接种流感疫苗的概率，基于对关注他人的调查项目的反应和对感染风险的看法。 这项研究以美国、日本、法国和中国为重点，评估了不同文化之间的接触模式和流感疫苗接种决策的差异，以及它们如何为促进疫苗接种的国家特定战略提供信息。生物系统、个人决策以及社会和文化影响的界面阐明了传染病与社会决策之间的动态相互作用。通过了解亲社会倾向，这项研究可能会发现新的方法来增加流感以及其他疾病的疫苗接种覆盖率。