SBIR Phase II: Microporous Carbons with Aligned Pores for Supercapacitors

SBIR 第二阶段：用于超级电容器的具有对齐孔的微孔碳

• 批准号: 1228723
• 负责人: Gene Berdichevsky
• 金额: $ 49.96万
• 依托单位: Sila Nanotechnologies Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1228723&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Microporous; Carbons

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project aims to develop novel type of porous carbon materials with aligned pores for applications in electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). These devices are serving multiple applications, such as smart electrical grids, hybrid-electric vehicles, energy-efficient industrial equipment and personal electronics. Conventional EDLCs store energy by adsorbing organic electrolyte ions on the internal surface of activated carbon electrodes under the application of electrical potential. They commonly take 10 to 100 seconds to charge or discharge. This charge rate is limited by the diffusion of ions inside the tortuous pores of activated carbons. The growing numbers of pulse-power applications, however, often need current boosts for only 1-10 seconds. These applications, therefore, will utilize a fraction of the energy storage capability of conventional EDLCs, which greatly increases the total weight and cost of the energy storage system, slowing down technology adoption. Herein, we propose an innovative low-cost material synthesis route for the formation of porous carbons with finely controlled microstructure, tunable pore size, high surface area, and, most importantly, aligned micropores for rapid ion transport and high power density. These materials offer a combination of fast charging rate and high specific capacitance.The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is the contribution to dramatic improvements in EDLC technology and reduction of its cost. EDLCs, unlike secondary batteries, exhibit much higher specific power and demonstrate outstanding cycle life and greatly improved safety. The use of EDLCs in transportation and industrial equipment could lead to a major reduction in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Their application in electrical grids will make multiple renewable energy technologies, such as wind and solar, more economical. The rate of adoption of this important technology could be significantly enhanced if EDLCs could be produced at a lower cost or if they offered further improved performance. These device characteristics are linked to the cost and properties of activated carbon electrodes. Unfortunately, nearly all EDLC manufacturers rely on the existing manufacturers of activated carbon. The expected improvements in material properties from this Phase II project are expected to have a major impact on the EDLC market size and the EDLC technology adoption.

该小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目旨在开发新型多孔碳材料，具有对齐的孔，用于双电层电容器（EDLC）。这些设备服务于多种应用，如智能电网，混合动力汽车，节能工业设备和个人电子产品。传统的EDLC通过在施加电势的情况下将有机电解质离子吸附在活性炭电极的内表面上来存储能量。充电或放电通常需要10到100秒。该充电速率受到活性炭的曲折孔内的离子扩散的限制。然而，越来越多的脉冲功率应用通常只需要1-10秒的电流提升。因此，这些应用将利用传统EDLC的能量存储能力的一小部分，这大大增加了能量存储系统的总重量和成本，减缓了技术的采用。在此，我们提出了一种创新的低成本材料合成路线，用于形成具有精细控制的微观结构，可调孔径，高表面积，最重要的是，对齐的微孔，用于快速离子传输和高功率密度的多孔碳。这些材料提供了快速充电速率和高比电容的组合。该项目更广泛的影响/商业潜力是对EDLC技术的显著改进和成本降低的贡献。 与二次电池不同，EDLC表现出更高的比功率，并表现出出色的循环寿命和大大提高的安全性。在运输和工业设备中使用EDLC可以大大减少能源消耗和温室气体排放。它们在电网中的应用将使风能和太阳能等多种可再生能源技术变得更加经济。 如果EDLC能够以较低的成本生产，或者如果它们提供进一步改进的性能，则可以显著提高这一重要技术的采用率。这些设备特性与活性炭电极的成本和性能有关。不幸的是，几乎所有的EDLC制造商都依赖于现有的活性炭制造商。该第二阶段项目的材料性能预期改善预计将对EDLC市场规模和EDLC技术的采用产生重大影响。