SBIR Phase II: Microporous Carbons with Aligned Pores for Supercapacitors

SBIR 第二阶段：用于超级电容器的具有对齐孔的微孔碳

• 批准号: 1228723
• 负责人: Gene Berdichevsky
• 金额: $ 49.96万
• 依托单位: Sila Nanotechnologies Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1228723&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Microporous; Carbons

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project aims to develop novel type of porous carbon materials with aligned pores for applications in electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). These devices are serving multiple applications, such as smart electrical grids, hybrid-electric vehicles, energy-efficient industrial equipment and personal electronics. Conventional EDLCs store energy by adsorbing organic electrolyte ions on the internal surface of activated carbon electrodes under the application of electrical potential. They commonly take 10 to 100 seconds to charge or discharge. This charge rate is limited by the diffusion of ions inside the tortuous pores of activated carbons. The growing numbers of pulse-power applications, however, often need current boosts for only 1-10 seconds. These applications, therefore, will utilize a fraction of the energy storage capability of conventional EDLCs, which greatly increases the total weight and cost of the energy storage system, slowing down technology adoption. Herein, we propose an innovative low-cost material synthesis route for the formation of porous carbons with finely controlled microstructure, tunable pore size, high surface area, and, most importantly, aligned micropores for rapid ion transport and high power density. These materials offer a combination of fast charging rate and high specific capacitance.The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is the contribution to dramatic improvements in EDLC technology and reduction of its cost. EDLCs, unlike secondary batteries, exhibit much higher specific power and demonstrate outstanding cycle life and greatly improved safety. The use of EDLCs in transportation and industrial equipment could lead to a major reduction in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Their application in electrical grids will make multiple renewable energy technologies, such as wind and solar, more economical. The rate of adoption of this important technology could be significantly enhanced if EDLCs could be produced at a lower cost or if they offered further improved performance. These device characteristics are linked to the cost and properties of activated carbon electrodes. Unfortunately, nearly all EDLC manufacturers rely on the existing manufacturers of activated carbon. The expected improvements in material properties from this Phase II project are expected to have a major impact on the EDLC market size and the EDLC technology adoption.

这项小型企业创新研究（SBIR）II期项目旨在开发新型的多孔碳材料，并带有对齐毛孔，用于应用双层电容器（EDLC）。这些设备正在为多种应用提供服务，例如智能电网，混合动力汽车，节能工业设备和个人电子设备。传统的EDLC通过在应用电势下的活性炭电极的内表面上吸附有机电解质离子来存储能量。他们通常需要10到100秒才能充电或排放。该电荷速率受活性碳曲折孔内的离子扩散的限制。但是，脉搏功率应用的数量越来越多，通常只需要1-10秒即可提供当前的提升。因此，这些应用将利用传统EDLC的能源存储能力的一部分，这大大增加了储能系统的总重量和成本，从而减慢了技术的采用。本文中，我们提出了一种创新的低成本材料合成途径，以形成具有精细控制的微观结构，可调孔径，高表面积，最重要的是对快速离子运输和高功率密度的对齐微孔。这些材料提供了快速充电率和高特定电容的结合。该项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力是对EDLC技术的显着改善和降低成本的贡献。 与二级电池不同，EDLC具有更高的特异性功率，并具有出色的循环寿命，并大大提高了安全性。在运输和工业设备中使用EDLC可能会大大减少能源消耗和温室气体排放。它们在电网中的应用将使风能和太阳能等多种可再生能源技术更加经济。 如果可以以较低的成本生产EDLC或提供进一步提高的性能，则可以显着提高这项重要技术的采用率。这些设备特性与活性碳电极的成本和特性有关。不幸的是，几乎所有EDLC制造商都依赖现有的活性炭制造商。预计该第二阶段项目的材料属性的预期改善将对EDLC市场规模和EDLC技术采用产生重大影响。