MRI: Acquisition of Instruments for 3D Digital Mapping of Historic Structures and Archaeological Sites

这一重大研究仪器奖允许首席调查员Beverly Chiarulli博士和联合首席调查员Scott Moore博士、Benjamin Ford、Sarah Neusius和Phillip Neusius购买用于建筑环境数字记录的3D扫描仪系统和用于地下考古特征调查的多阵列探地雷达。这些仪器单独创建高质量、高分辨率的结构和景观以及地下考古特征的图像。它们结合在一起，可以创建一个地上结构的数字图书馆，为识别地下考古特征提供一个比较数据库。由于这种联合使用，它们形成了一个完整的系统。这些仪器将由IUP的教职员工和学生以及我们的合作者及其来自霍华德大学、内华达大学拉斯维加斯分校和北达科他大学的学生使用。将使用这些仪器的项目包括：1.基亚鲁利博士关于宾夕法尼亚州西部历史墓地的项目将使用地表地形和直立墓碑的3D测绘，结合多阵列探地雷达来记录被遗忘的墓地；2.福特博士对冰冻湖泊中的沉船的调查将使用类似于失事船只的幸存船只的3D成像，并使用多天线探地雷达对安大略湖进行冬季调查，以记录否则可能无法进入的沉船，以便识别和保护；3.摩尔博士对塞浦路斯特罗多斯山彩绘教堂的调查将有助于保存这些教堂的内部和外部装饰，记录这些建筑的建造方式，以增加对拜占庭基督教和农村宗教习俗发展的了解；4.Chiarulli博士和Neusius博士对宾夕法尼亚州西部史前晚期村庄的调查将使用多阵列探地雷达对大型村庄进行快速地下调查，以发现微弱的史前特征并绘制村庄布局地图，而无需挖掘；5.摩尔博士和他的合作者将使用3D扫描对地面上的罗马遗址进行成像，以了解塞浦路斯的遗址形成情况，并结合对塞浦路斯整个沿海定居点的多阵列探地雷达调查，以确定城市的物理布局，并提供数据，以了解这个中型罗马定居点的发展及其在当地和地区贸易中的作用；6.Neusius博士和福特的斯米克斯堡调查，宾夕法尼亚州印第安纳县的19世纪商业和工业中心，将使用3D扫描创建这一时期的房屋数字图书馆和多阵列GPR，以产生详细的地下比较信息，并记录否则无法访问的遗产资源。虽然这些仪器提供了快速的数据收集，但它们也提供了调查大型地貌的能力，因此调查可以超越对单个历史建筑或考古遗址的调查和分析，并对社区和景观进行调查。这些工具的影响超出了它们对初始项目的直接好处。他们将扩大调查人员的能力，培训IUP研究生和本科生掌握关键和快速发展的技术，并让其他三所大学的学生有机会使用这些仪器。同样重要的是，仪器设备还将确保教员参与者自己在使用先进技术方面保持最新，并能够将其纳入课堂和其他研究项目。

This Major Research Instrumentation award permits Principal Investigator Dr. Beverly Chiarulli and Co-Principal Investigators, Drs. Scott Moore, Benjamin Ford, Sarah Neusius and Phillip Neusius to purchase a 3D Scanner system for digital documentation of the built environment and a Multiple Array Ground Penetrating Radar for below ground surveys of archaeological features. Individually, these instruments create high quality high resolution images of structures and landscapes as well as below ground archaeological features. Used together, they can create a digital library of above ground structures to provide a comparative database for the identification of below ground archaeological features. Because of this joint usage, they form an integrated system. The instruments will be employed by IUP faculty and students and our collaborators and their students from Howard University, the University of Nevada at Las Vegas, and the University of North Dakota. Among the projects that will use the instruments are: 1. Dr. Chiarulli's project on historic cemeteries in western Pennsylvania will use 3D mapping of surface topography and standing gravestones in combination with the Multiple Array GPR to record forgotten grave sites; 2. Dr. Ford's investigation of shipwrecks in frozen lakes will use 3D imaging of surviving ships similar to wrecked vessels combined with winter surveys of Lake Ontario using the multiple antenna GPR to record otherwise potentially inaccessible shipwrecks for identification and protection; 3. Dr. Moore's survey of painted churches in the Troodos Mountains, Cyprus will aid in the preservation of the interior and exterior decoration of these churches by documenting the manner of construction of these buildings for an increased understanding of Byzantine Christianity and the development of rural religious practices; 4. Drs. Chiarulli and Neusius' investigation of Late Prehistoric Villages in western Pennsylvania will use the multiple array GPR for rapid below ground survey of large villages to discover faint prehistoric features and develop maps of village layouts without excavation; 5. Dr. Moore and his collaborators' will use 3D scanning to image above ground Roman ruins to understand site formation in Cyprus combined with a Multiple Array GPR survey of the entire coastal settlement for to the definition of the city's physical layout and provide the data to understand the development of this midsized Roman settlement and its role in local and regional trade; and 6. Drs. Neusius and Ford's Survey of Smicksburg, a 19th Century Commercial and Industrial Center in Indiana County, Pennsylvania will use 3D scanning to create a digital library of houses from this period and the multiple array GPR to produce detailed comparative subsurface information and record otherwise inaccessible heritage resources. While the instruments provide rapid data collection, they also provide the capability to survey large landforms so investigations can move beyond the survey and analysis of single historic buildings or archaeological sites and conduct surveys of communities and landscapes. The impact of these instruments extends beyond their direct benefits to the initial projects. They will expand the investigator's ability to train IUP graduate and undergraduate students in critical and rapidly developing technologies as well as give students from three other universities opportunities to use the instruments. No less significant, the instrumentation would also ensure that the faculty participants themselves remain current in the use of advanced technology and will be able to incorporate it into their classes and other research projects.