Trusting Knowledge: Agency, Dependence, and Responsible Knowing in a Scientific World (Scholars Award)

这是一个关于信任在负责任的科学知识中的作用的规范性描述的项目。它是由科学知识社会学、科学研究和科学哲学的文献提供信息的。研究人员将使用源自女权主义科学研究的情境方法；在这种方法中，科学和技术专家被建模为占据不同的社会位置，可以塑造他们获得知识的可能性。该项目发展了对科学负责任的信任的概念，并概述了它的几个条件。该项目使用几个案例研究，包括土著知识的形式、性别差异研究和气候研究，审查了实现这种信任的挑战和战略。其结果将是对科学的信任的维度和程度的规范说明，这些维度和程度是健全和有效的知识所必需的。智力价值对科学负责任的信任的概念对于理解个人知情者和他们的社区之间的关系以及跨社区参与的重要性具有重要意义，如果我们要成功地产生对社会有意义的健全和有效的知识。所产生的分析将在哲学和科学研究领域之间架起一座桥梁，方法是将哲学关切与科学研究中提出的关切结合起来，前者关注我们如何证明我们对他人证词的依赖是合理的，后者则涉及特定的普通群体对科学机构的不同程度的信任。潜在的更广泛的影响该项目将出版一本书，目标读者是科学研究学者、科学哲学家、教育家和政策制定者的广泛跨学科受众。它将通过分析跨社区信任关系的重要性并考虑发展这种信任的战略，为科学政策讨论做出贡献。还将建立科学和民主课程的课程资源网站。通过增加我们对科学和非专业社区之间关系的理解，并提供发展负责任的信任的战略，该项目有可能提供关于跨科学和非专业社区互动的最佳机构实践的政策见解。这项工作很重要，因为只有在充分信任的气氛下产生和实施科学成果，才能最大限度地对社会有用。

IntroductionThis is a project to develop a normative account of the role of trust in responsible scientific knowing. It is informed by the literature of sociology of scientific knowledge, science studies, and philosophy of science. The researcher will use a situated approach that is derived from feminist studies of science; in that approach, science and technology experts are modeled as occupying different social locations that can shape their possibilities for knowledge. The project develops the concept of responsible trust in science and outlines several of its conditions. The project examines challenges to and strategies for achieving this trust using several case studies including forms of indigenous knowledge, gender-differences research, and climate research. The result will be a normative account of the dimensions and degrees of trust in science that are required for sound and effective knowing.Intellectual MeritThe concept of responsible trust in science has significant implications for understanding both the relationship between individual knowers and their communities, and the importance of cross-community engagement if we are to succeed in generating sound and effective knowledge that is meaningful for society. The analysis generated will bridge the fields of philosophy and science studies by integrating philosophical concerns about how we justify our reliance on the testimony of others with concerns raised in science studies regarding the varying degrees of trust that specific lay communities place in scientific institutions. Potential Broader ImpactsThe project will result in a book aimed at a broad interdisciplinary audience of science studies scholars, philosophers of science, educators, and policy makers. It will contribute to science policy discussions by analyzing the importance of trusting relations across communities and considering strategies to develop this trust. A website of curricular resources for courses on science and democracy will also be developed. By increasing our understanding of the relationship between scientific and lay communities, and offering strategies for developing responsible trust, this project has the potential to offer policy insights regarding best institutional practices for interacting across scientific and lay communities. The work is important because the results of science will be maximally useful to society only when they are produced and implemented within a sufficient climate of trust.