Gas Purification with Recovery and Reuse to Achieve More Sustainable and Competitive Manufacturing

通过回收和再利用进行气体净化，以实现更具可持续性和竞争力的制造

• 批准号: 1236203
• 负责人: Mark Rood
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1236203&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gas; Purification; Recovery; Reuse; Achieve

1236203 (Rood). There is a wide range of manufacturing processes (e.g., chemical manufacturing, coating operations, and production of packaging materials, solvents, degreasers, and coatings) that use volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gas streams with single-pass gas-usage systems and then exhaust these gas streams to the atmosphere after disposal of the VOCs by thermal oxidation. Such approach also generates additional pollutants such as CO2 and nitrogen oxides. This research will develop a system utilizing activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC)-electrothermal swing adsorption (ESA) that will efficiently (based on mass, energy and cost) capture, recover, and reuse a wide range of these VOCs and allow for recycling of the resulting clean carrier gas stream to the process that generated the gas stream. This research will provide a sustainable alternative to exhausting manufacturing gases into the atmosphere because it will: 1) provide recycling of purified carrier gas streams and concentrated VOCs for manufacturing processes that originally used single-pass gas-usage systems that treated such streams as wastes instead of valuable resources; 2) allow for conservation of natural resources and reduce energy consumption for manufacturing processes; 3) provide additional safety and environmental protection by reducing emissions from manufacturing processes; and 4) provide for more economically competitive manufacturing than currently possible. Such approach is consistent with US Department of Commerce?s definition of sustainable manufacturing (USDoC, 2011). The intellectual merit of this research provides: 1) a novel system that can be readily integrated to existing manufacturing processes that will transform manufacturing from single-pass gas-usage systems to systems that produce purified carrier gas streams and high purity VOCs that are reused in the manufacturing processes to conserve resources, reduce energy consumption, reduce costs, and make US manufacturing more sustainable and more competitive; 2) real-time detection and control of mass transfer within the ACFC during adsorption and regeneration cycles with remote electrical resistance/power measurements to increase VOC capture and recovery efficiency; 3) real-time detection of temperature within the ACFC during electrothermal heating and cooling with remote electrical resistance measurements to control adsorbent temperature and therefore more effectively control regeneration and cooling cycle times; and 4) elimination of the need for hydrocarbon sensors and direct contact temperature sensors, which simplifies the system, improves run-time by eliminating the corresponding sensor failures, increases safety, and reduces the costs to purchase and maintain the sensors. The broader impacts of this research are: 1) development and evaluation of a novel ACFC-ESA system with improved detection and control of mass transfer and temperature with less sensors that can be integrated into a wide range of manufacturing systems to make US manufacturing sustainable; 2) the development of project-based modules that will be included in the classes taught by the PI and used to develop undergraduate research projects that will consider broad environmental engineering issues with corresponding societal and economic impacts; and 3) the recruitment of undergraduate students through the Morrill Engineering Program and presentation of projects conducted by undergraduate and graduate students at professional conferences and to K-12 students who participate in the ?Gains in the Education of Mathematics and Sciences? program through the Engineer Research and Development Center-Construction Engineering Research Laboratory as well as UI?s Engineering Open House.

1236203（Rood）. 存在广泛的制造工艺（例如，化学制造、涂覆操作和包装材料、溶剂、脱脂剂和涂料的生产），其使用具有单程气体使用系统的气流中的挥发性有机化合物（VOC），然后在通过热氧化处理VOC之后将这些气流排放到大气中。这种方法还产生额外的污染物，如二氧化碳和氮氧化物。这项研究将开发一种利用活性碳纤维布（ACFC）-吸附变压吸附（ESA）的系统，该系统将有效地（基于质量，能量和成本）捕获，回收和再利用各种各样的VOC，并允许将所得清洁载气流再循环到产生气流的过程中。这项研究将提供一个可持续的替代排放到大气中的生产气体，因为它将：1）提供净化载气流和浓缩挥发性有机化合物的生产过程，最初使用单程气体使用系统，处理这些流作为废物，而不是有价值的资源; 2）允许保护自然资源，减少能源消耗的生产过程; 3）通过减少制造过程的排放提供额外的安全性和环境保护;以及4）提供比目前可能的更具经济竞争力的制造。这种做法是否与美国商务部的做法一致？可持续制造的定义（USDoC，2011）。 本研究的智力价值提供：1）一种新的系统，可以很容易地集成到现有的制造过程中，这将使制造业从单程气体使用系统转变为生产纯化载气流和高纯度VOC的系统，这些系统在制造过程中重复使用，以节省资源，降低能耗，降低成本，并使美国制造业更具可持续性和竞争力; 2）在吸附和再生循环期间，利用远程电阻/功率测量实时检测和控制ACFC内的传质，以增加VOC捕获和回收效率;以及4）消除了对碳氢化合物传感器和直接接触温度传感器的需要，这简化了系统，通过消除相应的传感器故障而改善了运行时间，提高了安全性，并且降低了购买和维护传感器的成本。 这项研究的更广泛的影响是：1）开发和评估一种新型ACFC-ESA系统，该系统具有改进的质量传递和温度检测和控制，传感器较少，可以集成到广泛的制造系统中，使美国制造业可持续发展;（2）项目开发-基于模块，将包括在PI教授的课程中，并用于开发本科研究项目，这些项目将考虑广泛的环境工程问题，经济影响;和3）通过莫里尔工程计划和本科生和研究生在专业会议上进行的项目介绍，并参加的K-12学生招聘本科生？数学和科学教育的收获？通过工程师研发中心-建筑工程研究实验室以及UI？工程开放日。