CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: TickTalk: Timing API for Federated Cyberphysical Systems

这项研究的目标是使广泛的程序员能够成功地为分布式计算系统（包括智能和互联社区）或需要紧密协调或时间同步的系统创建应用程序。例如，为智能交叉口创建应用程序需要从多个来源收集信息，例如，摄像头、交通传感器和过往车辆;执行分布式计算;然后触发一些动作，例如警告。这需要多个交互设备之间的同步和协调，包括作为可以连接到安全关键基础设施的物联网（IoT）设备的系统。而不是负担的程序员理解和处理这种复杂性，我们寻求一种新的编程语言，传感器和执行器的架构，和通信网络，可以采取程序员的声明“做什么”和“什么时候做”，并将这些转化为“如何做”的管理机制同步，电源和通信。这种方法将使这些类型的系统能够更快地发展，并能对经济发展产生重大影响，所提出的方法有四个部分：（1）创建一种新的编程语言，其中嵌入定时岛的概念-合作并偶尔同步的设备组;（2）创建一个网络范围的运行时系统，该系统跨设备分布和协调代码块（程序的一部分）的动作;（3）扩展通信网络的能力，以提高同步设备的能力，并将同步质量报告回运行时系统，从而实现自适应程序行为;（4）扩展设备硬件结构以支持同步和时间-该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The goal of this research is to enable a broad spectrum of programmers to successfully create apps for distributed computing systems including smart and connected communities, or for systems that require tight coordination or synchronization of time. Creating an application for, say, a smart intersection necessitates gathering information from multiple sources, e.g., cameras, traffic sensors, and passing vehicles; performing distributed computation; and then triggering some action, such as a warning. This requires synchronization and coordination amongst multiple interacting devices including systems that are Internet of Things (IoT) devices that may be connected to safety critical infrastructure. Rather than burden the programmer with understanding and dealing with this complexity, we seek a new programming language, sensor and actuator architecture, and communications networks that can take the programmer's statements of "what to do" and "when to do", and translate these into "how to do" by managing mechanisms for synchronization, power, and communication. This approach will enable more rapid development of these types of systems and can have significant economic development impact.The proposed approach has four parts: (1) creating a new programming language that embeds the notion of timing islands -- groups of devices that cooperate and are occasionally synchronized; (2) creating a network-wide runtime system that distributes and coordinates the action of code blocks -- portions of the program -- across devices; (3) extending the capabilities of communications networks to improve the ability to synchronize devices and report the quality of synchronization back to the runtime system, enabling adaptive program behavior; and (4) extending device hardware architecture to support synchronization and time-respecting operation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.