Genomics of trait canalization in tomato

植物发育代表了表型稳健性和灵活性（管道化）之间的平衡，以响应遗传和环境的扰动。鉴于全球气候变化和可用水的减少，维持我们目前的作物产量将取决于对调节表型稳定性的机制的理解。我们建议从基因组的角度来研究番茄的性状渠化，将我们的表型研究重点放在使用共同本体的共同遗传资源上。我们将利用F2、渐渗系和回交自交系等已有和新开发的群体，对栽培番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）与秋葵（Solanum pennellii）进行渠道化研究。利用这些遗传资源，在纯合和杂合状态下（在F1杂交中），我们将精细绘制发育，生理，代谢和产量的数量性状位点（QTL）和上位基因组区域。所有数据将通过本体描述符、图谱位置和QTL遗传方式进行链接，并上传到Phenom Networks，这是一个用于复杂表型统计基因组学的WEB2平台。探测多个遗传和环境层的表型多样性的能力，结合两个亲本物种的可用基因组序列，将使我们能够识别和克隆影响管道化的QTL、基因和microrna。这将使育种能够实现产量稳定，并解决长期存在的遗传基础问题，即调节表型遵循受限路径。

Plant development represents a balance between phenotypic robustness and flexibility (canalization) in response to genetic and environmental perturbations. In light of global climatic changes and the decreasing availability of usable water, maintaining our current crop production rate will depend on understanding the mechanisms that regulate phenotypic stability. We propose to develop a genomic perspective on trait canalization in tomato by focusing our phenotyping efforts on common genetic resources using a common ontology. We will explore canalization of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in comparison with Solanum pennellii, making use of previous and newly developed populations such as F2, introgression lines and backcross inbred lines. With these genetic resources, in homozygous and heterozygous states (in F1 hybrids), we will fine-map quantitative trait loci (QTL) and epistatic genomic regions for development, physiology, metabolism and yield. All data will be linked via ontology descriptors, map positions, and mode of inheritance of QTL, and uploaded to Phenom Networks, which is a WEB2 platform for statistical genomics of complex phenotypes. The ability to probe the phenotypic diversity in multiple genetic and environmental layers, combined with the available genome sequences of both parental species, will allow us to identify and clone QTL, genes and microRNAs that impact canalisation. This will enable breeding for yield stability as well as addressing the long-standing question on the genetic bases of the canalization stream that modulates phenotypes to follow a restricted path.