Division Plane Orientation in Plant Cells

植物有两种方法来建立一个身体计划：分裂和扩展。因此，了解细胞分裂，特别是细胞分裂和分化之间的协调介导的正确方向的分裂平面，是理解植物发育的关键。此外，分裂平面方向对所有真核细胞都至关重要，植物是研究这一过程的有用模式生物。关于控制植物分裂平面正确方向的因素知之甚少，然而，最近的数据表明，植物分裂位点的连续修饰对于细胞分裂的最终正确方向是必不可少的。这项研究确定了负责控制拟南芥和玉米分裂平面方向的蛋白质。实验方法包括活细胞成像，生物化学，反向和正向遗传学。这项研究的预期成果是确定一个植物分裂位点的相互作用组内的时间背景下的细胞周期和其他蛋白质的相互作用网络。这一结果将产生重要的积极影响，因为阐明植物分裂平面取向的过程将为通过控制细胞分裂平面来改造植物提供新的工具和资源，这可能导致作物植物的下一代改进。具有长期应用于作物的潜力，也将为更广泛的怀俄明州社区的学生提供有用的培训和教育机会。该项目通过为怀俄明州大学的本科生和社区学院转学生提供学生研讨会，将研究与培训和教育相结合，这些学生使用本项目中描述的发育遗传学和成像资源作为培训工具。学生将开始对选定的突变体进行研究，作为分子生物学课程标准实验室课程的一部分，然后将有机会申请NSF怀俄明州EPSCoR暑期研究计划的竞争性学生资助。社区学院的学生将在A。thaliana成像和遗传学，以补充已经建立的活动，旨在介绍社区学院的学生在怀俄明州大学的本科生的机会。该项目旨在通过制定一个由女性首席研究员领导的研究方案，扩大代表性不足群体的参与，目的是利用怀俄明州大学内部和外部资助的方案，吸引新的科学家从事国家需要的高度优先领域（农业和植物科学）的职业。具体来说，调查员将在每年的妇女和女孩在科学日主办7日和8年级的女孩。学生将被鼓励通过Facebook与调查员沟通，因为他们进入高中科学课程。除了通过同行评审的出版物和在国家会议上的介绍传播项目成果来提高科学和技术认识外，该项目还将通过提高植物部门地点定位的生物学知识来造福社会。从长远来看，研究成果将转化为作物植物的新发现并得到补充。

Plants have two methods for establishing a body plan: division and expansion. Therefore, understanding cell division, particularly the coordination between cell division and differentiation mediated by correct orientation of the division plane, is crucial to understanding plant development. Moreover, division plane orientation is vital for all eukaryotic cells, and plants serve as useful model organisms for studying this process. Little is known about the factors that control proper orientation of the division plane in plants, however, recent data suggests that sequential modification of the plant division site is essential for the final proper orientation of cell division. This research identifies the proteins responsible for controlling division plane orientation in both Arabidopsis thaliana and maize. The experimental approaches include live cell imaging, biochemistry, and reverse and forward genetics. The expected outcome of this research is identification of a plant division site interactome placed within the temporal context of the cell cycle and within the interacting network of other proteins. This outcome will have important positive impact because elucidating the process of plant division plane orientation will provide new tools and resources for modifying plants through control of cell division planes which may lead to next generation improvements in crop plants.Broader ImpactsThis project, focusing on fundamental understanding of cell division dynamics in plants, has the potential for long-term application to crop plants and will also provide useful training and educational opportunities for students in the broader Wyoming community. The project integrates research with training and education by providing student workshops for undergraduates and community college transfer students at University of Wyoming that use developmental genetics and imaging resources described in this project as training tools. Students will initiate research on selected mutants as part of a standard laboratory course in the Molecular Biology curriculum, and then will have the opportunity to apply for competitive student funding from the NSF Wyoming EPSCoR program for summer research. Community college students will be offered two-day workshops in A. thaliana imaging and genetics to supplement already established activities designed to introduce community college students to opportunities as undergrads at University of Wyoming. The project aims to broaden participation of under-represented groups through development of a research program headed by a female principal investigator with the goal of attracting new scientists into careers in high-priority areas of national need (agriculture and plant sciences), making use of internally and externally funded programs at University of Wyoming. Specifically the investigator will host 7th and 8th grade girls at an Annual Women and Girls in Science Day. Students will be encouraged to communicate with the investigator via Facebook as they enter the high school science curriculum. In addition to enhancing scientific and technological understanding by dissemination of project results through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national conferences, the project will benefit society by advancing knowledge of the biology of plant division site orientation. In the long-term, the outcomes of the research will be translated to and complemented by new findings in crop plants.