CAREER: Mechanisms of division plane orientation in plant cells

职业：植物细胞分裂面方向的机制

• 批准号: 1942734
• 负责人: Carolyn Rasmussen
• 金额: $ 126.01万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1942734&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Mechanisms; division; plane; orientation

This research seeks to understand the mechanisms regulating proliferative plant cell division, which eventually generates the majority of biomass on the planet. Precise control over the positioning of divisions within cells plays a critical role in overall patterning and development. Despite its fundamental importance, we know relatively little about how division planes are oriented in multicellular organisms. Plants are an excellent model to understand division plane orientation within multicellular contexts because plant cells do not migrate and have clearly defined structures and proteins that unambiguously label the future division site. This project will investigate 1) how division site-localized proteins and microtubules promote proper positioning of the new cell wall 2) how the cell division machinery is guided towards the division site, and 3) how the position of the cell division plane is modulated by local mechanical or biochemical cues from neighboring cells. This project will provide training that advances the U.S. scientific workforce in plant biology, an area of national need. One graduate student, two undergraduates, five REU students, and one postdoctoral researcher will perform this research while gaining experience in communicating their work at local and national conferences, mentoring others, project management, and ethics. In addition, 480 freshman biology students will participate in this research to enhance their technical training and understanding of genomics and molecular biology approaches. The investigator continue to train and mentor under-represented, first-generation undergraduate and graduate students from UCR, a Hispanic Serving Institution. To test the hypothesis that division site localized proteins modulate microtubule dynamics to position the forming cell wall, the investigator will use a combination of in vitro microtubule protein-interaction assays combined with in vivo imaging at the division site. In addition to assessing how currently known proteins function at the division site, the investigator has used a forward genetic approach to identify mutants with defects in cytokinesis and division plane orientation in maize. Using mapping-by-sequencing, she will identify the causative mutations in these mutants, and elucidate their interaction with known division plane orientation pathways and proteins. She hypothesizes that two functionally redundant pathways contribute to division plane positioning in Arabidopsis. She will use a sensitized mutant background to screen for synthetic enhancer mutations that cause defects in division plane orientation. This will be carried out by an introductory biology laboratory course at University of California, Riverside (UCR). Finally, she will use a combination of mathematical modeling and biophysical experiments to identify local cues that alter plant division plane positioning.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

本研究旨在了解调节植物增殖细胞分裂的机制，这最终产生了地球上大部分的生物量。精确控制细胞内分裂的定位在整体模式和发育中起着关键作用。尽管它具有基本的重要性，但我们对多细胞生物中分裂面是如何定向的知之甚少。植物是了解多细胞环境下分裂平面方向的一个很好的模型，因为植物细胞不迁移，并且具有明确定义的结构和蛋白质，可以明确标记未来的分裂位点。该项目将研究1)分裂位点定位蛋白和微管如何促进新细胞壁的正确定位2)细胞分裂机制如何被引导到分裂位点，以及3)细胞分裂平面的位置如何被来自邻近细胞的局部机械或生化信号调节。该项目将提供培训，提高美国在植物生物学这一国家需要的领域的科研人员水平。一名研究生，两名本科生，五名REU学生和一名博士后研究员将进行这项研究，同时获得在地方和国家会议上交流他们的工作，指导他人，项目管理和道德方面的经验。此外，480名生物学大一学生将参与这项研究，以加强他们的技术训练和对基因组学和分子生物学方法的理解。研究者继续培训和指导来自加州大学洛杉矶分校（一个西班牙裔服务机构）的代表性不足的第一代本科生和研究生。为了验证分裂位点定位的蛋白质调节微管动力学来定位形成细胞壁的假设，研究者将使用体外微管蛋白质相互作用测定结合分裂位点的体内成像的组合。除了评估目前已知的蛋白质如何在分裂位点起作用外，研究人员还使用正向遗传方法来鉴定玉米细胞质分裂和分裂面定向缺陷的突变体。利用测序图谱，她将确定这些突变的致病突变，并阐明它们与已知分裂面定向途径和蛋白质的相互作用。她假设两个功能冗余的通路有助于拟南芥的分裂面定位。她将使用敏化突变体背景来筛选导致分裂面方向缺陷的合成增强子突变。这将在加州大学河滨分校（UCR）的入门生物学实验课程中进行。最后，她将使用数学建模和生物物理实验相结合来确定改变植物分裂平面定位的局部线索。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Cortical microtubules contribute to division plane positioning during telophase in maize.

• DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad033
• 发表时间: 2023-04-20
• 期刊: PLANT CELL
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Bellinger, Marschal A.;Uyehara, Aimee N.;Allsman, Lindy;Martinez, Pablo;McCarthy, Michael C.;Rasmussen, Carolyn G.
• 通讯作者: Rasmussen, Carolyn G.

Redundant mechanisms in division plane positioning

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151308
• 发表时间: 2023-03-13
• 期刊: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 6.6
• 作者: Uyehara，Aimee N.;Rasmussen，Carolyn G.
• 通讯作者: Rasmussen，Carolyn G.

The OPAQUE1/DISCORDIA2 myosin XI is required for phragmoplast guidance during asymmetric cell division in maize

• DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad099
• 发表时间: 2023-04-05
• 期刊: PLANT CELL
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Nan, Qiong;Liang, Hong;Facette, Michelle R.
• 通讯作者: Facette, Michelle R.