Probing Fluids, Fractures, Faults, and Strain with PBO Borehole Data

利用PBO钻孔数据探测流体、裂缝、断层和应变邓肯·卡尔·阿格纽安德鲁·J·巴布尔我们正在研究地壳最上部在也含有流体（如水）时的行为，使用的数据来自地球镜板块边界观测站（PBO）组件操作的钻孔应变仪（BSM）网络。 该网络包括美国西部各地的地面变形（应变）和流体压力测量，其中一些位于活动断层带：加州南部的圣哈辛托断层。 我们正在研究由于作用在地面上的气压变化、来自遥远地震的地震波以及地壳的潮汐运动，应变和流体压力如何变化。 我们将这些信息与每个钻孔周围裂缝的数据相结合，以估计周围材料的水力特性，并将这些与网络每个区域的大规模特征（如断层带）相关联。 在一个地点，我们还在研究地下水抽取（我们监测）如何影响附近的两个应变计。 我们正在开发方法来纠正这些和其他BSM数据附近的抽水或其他地下水的变化。

Probing Fluids, Fractures, Faults, and Strain with PBO Borehole DataDuncan Carr AgnewAndrew J. BarbourWe are studying the how the uppermost part of the Earth's crust behaves when it also contains fluids such as water, using data from the borehole strainmeter (BSM) network operated by the Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) component of Earthscope. This network includes measurements of ground deformation (strain) and fluid pressure at sites throughout the western United States, some of them in an active fault zone: the San Jacinto fault in southern California. We are examining how the strain and fluid pressure change because of changing air pressure acting on the ground, seismic waves from distant earthquakes, and the tidal motions of the Earth's crust. We are combining this information with data on the fractures around each borehole to estimate hydraulic properties of the surrounding material, and relate these to large-scale features (such as fault zones) in each region of the network. At one site we are also looking at how groundwater pumping (which we monitor) affects two strainmeters nearby. We are developing methods to correct these and other BSM data for nearby pumping or other groundwater changes.