The role of hybridization in the colonization of newly opened habitats

杂交在新开放栖息地殖民中的作用

• 批准号: 209411553
• 负责人: Dr. Justyna Wolinska
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/209411553?language=en
• 关键词: role; hybridization; colonization; newly; opened

Hybridization between species is a creative evolutionary force that forms novel genotypes and allows rapid adaptation to new environments. We propose to study how hybrid-specific traits may facilitate the colonization of novel habitats, using the Daphnia hybrid complex as a model system. We will screen Daphnia communities in ten small quarry lakes which have been created and thus opened for colonization only about 20 years ago. In addition, in contrast to larger lakes, these shallow and unstable habitats are “re-opened” for colonization every spring: Daphnia survive winter only exceptionally as clonal lineages. Instead, they need to be re-established from sexually produced diapausing eggs. Communities will be screened at 15 microsatellite loci and three contrasting scenarios of hybrid maintenance will be tested: survival of hybrids as clonal lineages, recurrent hybridization events or establishment of hybrids through migrants. In addition, using laboratory experiments we will test the hypothesis that hybrids have more diverse phenotypes compared to parental taxa (due to increased genetic variation in hybrid individuals). Finally, the field and laboratory data will be used for parameterization of a mathematical model, which will be developed to study the contribution of different ecological parameters to the success of hybrids. The proposed combination of empirical and theoretical approaches will advance our understanding of the role of hybridization in the colonization of new habitats and, more generally, of genetic exchange in adaptive evolution.

物种之间的杂交是一种创造性的进化力量，形成新的基因型，并允许快速适应新的环境。我们建议研究如何混合特定的性状可能有助于殖民的新的栖息地，使用水蚤混合复杂的模型系统。我们将在10个小采石场湖泊中筛选水蚤群落，这些湖泊大约在20年前才建立并开放殖民。此外，与较大的湖泊相反，这些浅水和不稳定的栖息地每年春天都会“重新开放”进行殖民：水蚤只有在例外情况下才能作为克隆谱系在冬季存活。相反，它们需要从有性繁殖的滞育卵中重新建立。社区将在15个微卫星位点进行筛选，并将测试三个对比方案的混合动力车维修：生存的杂种作为克隆谱系，经常性的杂交事件或通过移民建立杂交种。此外，使用实验室实验，我们将测试的假设，杂交种具有更多样化的表型相比，亲本类群（由于增加杂交个体的遗传变异）。最后，现场和实验室的数据将用于参数化的数学模型，这将是发展研究不同的生态参数的杂交种的成功的贡献。建议的经验和理论相结合的方法将推进我们的理解杂交在新的栖息地的殖民化的作用，更一般地说，适应性进化的遗传交换。

项目成果

Diversity of the Daphnia longispina species complex in Chinese lakes: a DNA taxonomy approach

• DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbu091
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of Plankton Research
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Xiaolin Ma;A. Petrusek;J. Wolinska;Sabine Gieβler;Y. Zhong;Zhong Yang;Wei Hu;Mingbo Yin