CAREER: Taking Sustainable Cements to the Next Level: New Routes to Control and Amplify the Chemical Reactivity of Cementing Phases

职业生涯：将可持续水泥提升到新的水平：控制和增强固井相化学反应性的新途径

• 批准号: 1253269
• 负责人: Gaurav Sant
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1253269&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Taking; Sustainable; Cements; Next

This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) project engineers portland cements having enhanced reactivity, so as to substantially enhance efficiencies associated with the use of cement in concrete. Reactivity amplifications are provoked by manipulating: (1) impurity distributions (i.e., guest ions) and (2) thermal processing (e.g., quenching) routes through cement synthesis. These manipulations induce structural imperfections in cement minerals, and thus act to elevate their reactivity. Reactivity is studied across quantum-to-continuum scales using density functional theory and molecular dynamics calculation, by synthesis of pure cement phases and their solid solutions, and by nanoscale measurements of phase dissolution rates. The investigations are organized for calculation and experiment to interact with each other, and guide the discovery of highly reactive cementing phases through detailed considerations of phase chemistry, properties and processing.This research places emphasis on reactivity, to produce concretes using a smaller quantity of highly reactive cement, which are performance-equivalent to concretes produced today using larger quantities of traditional cements. Thus, by reducing the use/wastage of cement in concrete, the outcomes of the work conservatively target global cement (and CO2 emissions) savings of around 15%, i.e., around 500 million tons. This is a translational paradigm in reducing cement use, which will radically alter how sustainability is approached from a materials perspective by the construction industry. The project develops graduated training across levels of scientific maturity, from high-school students to post-doctoral scientists. Diversity and high-school engagement platforms at UCLA are leveraged to provide research opportunities to financially disadvantaged minority candidates, while LA-high-school educators and YouTube and Facebook ventures are engaged to incite interest in, and provide growth opportunities to young scientists.

该学院早期职业发展（CAREER）项目工程师波特兰水泥具有增强的反应性，从而大大提高与混凝土中水泥的使用相关的效率。反应性扩增是通过操纵：（1）杂质分布（即，客体离子）和（2）热处理（例如，淬火）途径通过水泥合成。这些操作引起水泥矿物的结构缺陷，从而提高它们的反应性。通过合成纯水泥相及其固溶体，并通过纳米级测量相溶解速率，使用密度泛函理论和分子动力学计算，在量子到连续尺度上研究反应性。该研究的组织计算和实验相互作用，并指导发现高活性胶结相通过相化学，性能和processing.This研究重点放在反应性，生产混凝土使用少量的高活性水泥，这是性能等同于混凝土今天使用大量的传统水泥生产。因此，通过减少混凝土中水泥的使用/浪费，这项工作的结果保守地将全球水泥（和二氧化碳排放）节省约15%，即，5亿吨左右。这是减少水泥使用的一个转化范例，这将从根本上改变建筑行业从材料角度看待可持续性的方式。该项目开发了从高中生到博士后科学家的跨科学成熟度水平的毕业培训。加州大学洛杉矶分校的多样性和高中参与平台被用来为经济上处于不利地位的少数族裔候选人提供研究机会，而洛杉矶高中教育工作者以及YouTube和Facebook企业则致力于激发年轻科学家的兴趣，并为他们提供成长机会。