Individual differences in temporal predictions in speech: word segmentation and conversational turn-taking

语音时间预测的个体差异：分词和会话轮流

• 批准号: 2863885
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2863885
• 关键词: Individual; differences; temporal; predictions; speech

When processing speech, listeners use a variety of cues,including speech rate, to make predictions about upcominglinguistic content. How such predictions are made is likely tobe influenced by factors that vary between listeners, however:specifically, individual differences in working memory,attention, and general prosodic processing may all beassociated with variation in the use of linguistic predictions.A three-part study will test whether individual cognitive factorsaffect listeners' ability to track speech rate and, if so, whethercertain listeners are better at using timing cues to predict bothupcoming word boundaries and conversational turn-taking.Experiment 1 will test for associations between listeners'attention, working memory and prosodic processing and theirability to track speech rate by means of a finger-tapping task.Experiment 2 will investigate whether these individualvariations influence listeners' ability to predict upcoming wordboundaries (by finding a target probe in a string of nonsensesyllables) or interlocutors' turn-taking (by button pressing assoon as a turn transition is detected in recorded conversation).Experiment 3 will adapt tasks used in the second experiment,with the addition of background noise, to identify whetherindividual differences predict real-world listening performance.We expect that individual difference in cognition and prosodicprocessing will affect listeners' ability to track speech rate andthus to make predictions that enhance perception andunderstanding of speech. These findings will point to means ofsupport for speech-based interactions in infants with disordersof language development or in adults with acquiredneurolinguistics impairments.

在处理语音时，听者使用各种线索，包括语速，来预测即将到来的语言内容。然而，这种预测的方式可能会受到不同听众的因素的影响：具体来说，工作记忆、注意力和一般韵律处理的个体差异都可能与语言预测的使用差异有关。一个三部分的研究将测试个体认知因素是否影响听者跟踪语速的能力，如果是，是否某些听者更善于使用时间线索来预测即将到来的词边界和会话话轮转换。实验1将测试听者的注意力，工作记忆和韵律处理以及通过手指敲击任务跟踪语速的能力。实验2将研究这些个体变化是否影响听众预测即将到来的词边界的能力（通过在一串无意义的音节中找到一个目标探测器）或对话者的话轮转换（在记录的对话中检测到话轮转换时立即按下按钮）。实验3将调整第二个实验中使用的任务，加入背景噪音，to identify识别whether是否individual个体differences差异predict预测真实的-我们预期个体认知和韵律加工的差异会影响听者跟踪语速的能力，从而做出预测that enhance增强perception感知and understanding理解of speech语音.这些发现将为语言发育障碍的婴儿或后天神经语言学障碍的成年人提供支持。