Analysis and Modelling of catchment-scale proglacial geomorphodynamics based on multitemporal airborne and terrestrial LiDAR surveys

PROSA项目的第5套工作(阿尔卑斯山快速变化的冰川系统中地貌动力学的高分辨率测量)与其余分项目合作，通过将沿沉积物瀑布的各种地貌过程的沉积物输运的局部测量结果区域化，确定考纳塔尔上研究区的沉积物收支。自上一个项目阶段以来，这一工作包在拟议的后续行动期间的主要目标没有改变：(1)继续进行航空(激光扫描)测量；将进一步改进先前为提高数据准确性和可靠性而开发的方法(例如，测量误差的空间分布)；(2)综合所有工作包的结果，以确定研究区的沉积物预算。为了实现这一目标，必须使用各种方法，如模拟模型、统计方法以及地貌和岩土地图分析，将试验区的测量结果(局部和山坡尺度)提升到整个流域(区划)。对绘制的沉积路径和模拟的沉积路径的分析有助于深入了解在研究区域形成沉积瀑布的各种地貌过程之间的相互作用，并更好地了解该系统(例如，沉积物连通性)。泥沙收支及其部分将用于(I)评估冰川过程和非冰川过程的相对贡献，(Ii)比较分析自冰川消融以来不同时期地区的泥沙过程速率，以及(Iii)判断流域内泥沙转移和泥沙输出的比率；(3)此外，这一工作包继续负责所有工作包的协调任务，最重要的是组织和管理数据收集和交换，以及提供数字高程模型(精细地理参考、误差校正、过滤)，包括误差评估。由于第三方未能提供对实现主要项目目标至关重要的数据(ALS调查飞行)，因此决定提出9个月的后续行动。项目期的延长可以填补这些数据空白；具体地说，新数据将能够在集水尺度上对夏季和冬季地貌动态进行定量比较。此外，Gepatsch水库将在2016年春季的拟议后续期间完全清空：对干湖底部的TLS调查，以及已经生成的前水库(1953/54)数字高程模型，将有助于准确量化水库中沉积的泥沙体积(和平均年泥沙产量)，这将形成该项目建立的泥沙预算的理想平衡。

Work package 5 of the PROSA project (High-resolution measurements of geomorpho-dynamics in rapidly changing proglacial systems of the Alps) cooperates with the remaining subprojects in establishing the sediment budget of the Upper Kaunertal study area by regionalising localised measurements of sediment transport by various geomorphic processes along sediment cascades. The main aims of this work package for the proposed follow-up period have not changed since the previous project phase: (1) Continuation of airborne (laserscanning, ALS) measurements; the previously developed method for the enhancement of data accuracy and reliability (e.g. the spatial distribution of measurement errors) will be further refined (2) Integration of the results of all work packages to establish the sediment budget of the study area. In order to reach this aim, the results of measurements conducted on test areas (on the local and hillslope scale) have to be upscaled to the whole catchment (regionalisation), using various methods such as simulation models, statistical approaches, and the analysis of the geomorphological and geotechnical map. The analysis of mapped and modelled sediment pathways leads to important insights into the interaction of various geomorphic processes that form sediment cascades in the study area, and a better understanding of the system (e.g. sediment connectivity). The sediment budget and its parts will be used (i) to assess the relative contribution of glacial and non-glacial processes, (ii) for a comparative analysis of process rates in areas with different periods of time since deglaciation, and (iii) to judge the ratio of sediment transfer within and sediment export from the catchment; the latter quantity refers also to the sediment input to the Kaunertal reservoir.(3) Additionally, this work package continues to be in charge of coordination tasks for all work packages, most importantly the organisation and management of data collection and exchange, and the provisioning of digital elevation models (fine georeferencing, error correction, filtering), including the error assessment.The decision to propose a 9-month follow-up has been brought about by third-party failure to produce data (ALS survey flights) that are essential for pursuing major project goals. The extension of the project period allows to fill these data gaps; specifically, the new data will enable the quantitative comparison of summer- and winter-term morphodynamics on the catchment scale. Moreover, the Gepatsch reservoir will be completely emptied during the proposed follow-up period in spring 2016: A TLS survey of the dry lake bottom, together with the already generated pre-reservoir (1953/54) digital elevation model, will facilitate the exact quantification of the sediment volume (and mean annual sediment yield) deposited in the reservoir, which will form an ideal counterbalance of the sediment budget established by the project.