Chloroplast Lipid Composition: Connecting Biophysics to Photosynthetic Function

叶绿体脂质成分：将生物物理学与光合功能联系起来

• 批准号: 1258799
• 负责人: John Browse
• 金额: $ 35.61万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1258799&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chloroplast; Lipid; Composition; Connecting; Biophysics

Life on Earth depends on plant photosynthesis, so it is vital that we fully understand all the component systems that contribute to photosynthetic function and how these respond to alterations in environmental parameters. Despite considerable research effort over the last twenty years, knowledge of how the lipid composition of the photosynthetic (thylakoid) membrane facilitates photosynthesis remains rudimentary. This project aims to understand the physical characteristics of thylakoid lipids, the biochemistry and regulation of lipid synthesis, and the particular lipid requirements for chloroplast biogenesis and function. The project will use the full range of biochemical, molecular and genetic techniques to investigate mutants of the model plant, Arabidopsis, in which different changes in membrane lipid composition are associated with dramatic phenotypes. The knowledge gained will help scientists predict the likely consequences of environmental changes on plant growth and crop productivity. Eventually it will be possible to manipulate membrane lipid composition of plants to better suit particular environmental conditions, such as those that may develop during global warming. Because photosynthesis is central to plant productivity, the extensive temperature-dependent effects observed in the mutants have wide implications for understanding the temperature responses of plants, and agricultural production systems. Furthermore, the improved understanding of chloroplast structure and photosynthetic function that will result from this research is an important prerequisite to modifying photosynthesis for increased plant productivity. This project will also provide opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students to receive training and experience in plant biology research relevant to agriculture, forestry and other fields of plant production. In support of open and cooperative science, the mutant stocks and other resources developed in this project will be freely available from established stock centers and from the principal investigator, directly.

地球上的生命依赖于植物的光合作用，因此我们必须充分了解有助于光合作用的所有组成系统以及这些系统如何对环境参数的变化做出反应。 尽管在过去的二十年里进行了大量的研究工作，但关于光合（类囊体）膜的脂质组成如何促进光合作用的知识仍然是基本的。 本研究旨在了解类囊体脂质的物理特性、脂质合成的生物化学和调控，以及叶绿体生物发生和功能对脂质的特殊需求。 该项目将使用全方位的生物化学，分子和遗传技术来研究模式植物拟南芥的突变体，其中膜脂组成的不同变化与显着的表型相关。所获得的知识将有助于科学家预测环境变化对植物生长和作物生产力的可能后果。 最终，将有可能操纵植物的膜脂组成，以更好地适应特定的环境条件，如全球变暖期间可能出现的环境条件。 由于光合作用是植物生产力的核心，在突变体中观察到的广泛的温度依赖性效应对理解植物和农业生产系统的温度响应具有广泛的意义。 此外，从这项研究中得到的对叶绿体结构和光合功能的更好理解是修改光合作用以提高植物生产力的重要先决条件。 该项目还将为研究生和本科生提供机会，接受与农业、林业和其他植物生产领域有关的植物生物学研究方面的培训和经验。 为了支持开放和合作科学，本项目开发的突变体股票和其他资源将直接从已建立的股票中心和主要研究者免费获得。