Spawning During Storms and the Subsequent Dispersal and Settlement of Coastal Invertebrate Larvae

风暴期间的产卵以及沿海无脊椎动物幼虫随后的扩散和定居

• 批准号: 1259603
• 负责人: Richard Emlet
• 金额: $ 62.91万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-02-15 至 2019-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1259603&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spawning; During; Storms; Subsequent; Dispersal

The study will address four questions concerning invertebrate spawning on the US West Coast: 1) Which nearshore benthic invertebrates spawn during winter? 2) What conditions are associated with spawning events? (Preliminary data lead the PIs to predict that most spawning will occur during periods of large waves and coastal downwelling.) 3) What is the pattern of dispersal of these winter-spawned larvae in the coastal ocean? 4) How do variations in ocean conditions during pelagic development affect delivery of larvae to the shore?Water will be sampled daily from the seawater intake for the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology marine laboratory in Coos Bay, OR. Water is pumped at high tide when the intake samples coastal ocean water. Early larval stages will be identified by genetic barcoding and a visual ID key will be developed from individuals raised in the lab. Time series analysis will be used to test for the effects of oceanographic parameters (e.g., temperature, salinity, Chl-a, wind stress, and wave data) on spawning events indicated by the sudden appearance of zygotes or embryos. Following a spawning event, oceanographic cruises in the coastal ocean will follow the dispersal and pelagic development of the larvae and relate their distribution to coastal hydrodynamics. Using daily samples from the seawater system and settlement collectors at intertidal sample sites, the PIs will monitor the abundance of late stage larvae in the near-shore and settlement in the intertidal zone. These time series will be compared to hydrographic parameters to identify conditions favoring the maintenance of larvae in the waters adjacent to the coast and the delivery of larvae to the shore.Broader Impacts: Larvae will be identified using genetics. The PIs will develop a visual key to the developmental stages of these larvae so that one can identify them under the microscope, and the key will be made available through the internet. As part of their project, the PIs will recruit four undergraduates to work with them during the intense winter sampling period. These internships will be designed to be educational and transformative. Students will be recruited from among University of Oregon Marine Biology majors, particularly those working toward an honors degree, and from marine biology students at the local junior college. The study requires a diversity of work providing excellent training in a complex, real-world scientific investigation. In addition, the PIs will mentor students as they pursue an independent study project of their own design and participate in a weekly seminar, which will cover the scientific background of the study, research protocols, ethics in science, the scientific method, and how to design and execute a scientific study. Students will present their independent projects as posters at the annual meeting of the Western Society of Naturalists.

这项研究将解决四个问题，关于无脊椎动物产卵在美国西海岸：1）哪些近岸底栖无脊椎动物产卵在冬季？2)哪些条件与产卵事件相关？（初步数据导致PI预测大多数产卵将发生在大浪和沿海下降流期间。3)这些冬季产卵的幼虫在沿海海洋中的传播模式是什么？4)在远洋发展期间海洋条件的变化如何影响幼体向海岸的运送？位于俄勒冈州库斯湾的俄勒冈州海洋生物研究所海洋实验室将每天从海水取水口取样。 在涨潮时，当取水口对沿海海水进行取样时，水被抽走。早期幼虫阶段将通过遗传条形码识别，并将从实验室中饲养的个体中开发视觉ID密钥。时间序列分析将用于检验海洋学参数的影响（例如，温度、盐度、叶绿素a、风应力和波浪数据）对受精卵或胚胎突然出现所指示的产卵事件的影响。在产卵活动之后，沿海海洋的海洋学考察将跟踪幼虫的扩散和远洋发育情况，并将其分布与沿海水动力联系起来。研究员会利用每日从海水系统抽取的样本及在潮间带样本收集器收集的沉积物样本，监察近岸的晚期幼虫数量及潮间带的沉积物数量。这些时间序列将与水文参数进行比较，以确定有利于在邻近海岸的沃茨维持幼虫和将幼虫运送到海岸的条件。PI将开发这些幼虫发育阶段的视觉关键，以便人们可以在显微镜下识别它们，并且该关键将通过互联网提供。 作为他们项目的一部分，PI将招募四名本科生在激烈的冬季采样期间与他们一起工作。这些实习将被设计为教育和变革。学生将从俄勒冈州海洋生物学专业的大学中招募，特别是那些攻读荣誉学位的学生，以及当地初级学院的海洋生物学学生。这项研究需要多样化的工作，在复杂的现实世界的科学调查中提供出色的培训。此外，PI将指导学生，因为他们追求自己设计的独立研究项目，并参加每周一次的研讨会，其中将涵盖研究的科学背景，研究协议，科学伦理，科学方法，以及如何设计和执行科学研究。学生将在西方自然主义者协会的年会上展示他们的独立项目作为海报。