MRI: Development of a Shared-Use Experimental Platform to Study Wind, Hydrodynamic, and Biochemical Conditions in the Littoral Zone During Extreme Coastal Storms

这项重大研究仪器（MRI）奖支持开发一个仪器平台，以研究飓风期间沿海地区的风、水动力和生物化学条件。最先进的监测站将被设计用于临时安装，以监测极端的风、风暴潮、波浪、海滩侵蚀和危险的水质状况。减少沿海灾害造成的生命和财产损失是国家的当务之急。在登陆时直接测量风和水将有助于工程师设计具有成本效益的风暴恢复社区。数据和视频将与研究人员、业务组、媒体、商业合作伙伴以及当地响应和恢复实体共享。通过与佛罗里达大学NSF赞助的自然灾害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）实验设施的合作，将对培训、推广和招聘产生更广泛的影响。NHERI协调全面的K-12教师专业发展培训计划，涵盖工程设计，调查和设计思维。通过利用该仪器的视频、数据和分析，将开发关于登陆飓风和建设弹性海岸线的重要性的内容。该MRI的目标是填补长期以来在海岸观测的空白，因为热带气旋（飓风）在沿岸的区域从水过渡到陆地-沿海沃茨与陆地相遇。一队便携式监测站（称为“哨兵”）将在登陆前不久安装，以确保理想的位置;将抵御极端的风，风暴潮和水动力负荷;并将持续传输实时，高保真的测量和视频反馈。哨兵将提供一个多功能的试验平台，以满足研究人员的各种需求，研究沿海基础设施的风和水动力负荷、边界层气象学、数值天气预报、海气相互作用、表面风场和波浪场遥感、风暴潮和浅水波行为、沿海形态动力学、海洋地球化学等。许多NSF支持的设施和研究项目将受益于复合，同步数据集，这些数据集量化了风速，水深，波高/方向，侵蚀以及与热带气旋相关的水质变化。这些数据将有助于为极端风暴提供更完整的气候记录，并加速旨在改善风、风暴潮和波浪对民用/沿海基础设施影响的表征、对近岸水-陆系统影响的预测、水质监测以及通过数值天气预报和遥感估计地表风强度的研究。设计、仪器选择和部署策略将由一个多学科咨询小组指导，该小组由风、海岸和环境工程、生态学、大气科学和海洋学方面的专家组成。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) award supports the development of an instrumentation platform to study wind, hydrodynamic, and biochemical conditions in coastal areas during hurricanes. State-of-the-art monitoring stations will be engineered for temporary installation to monitor extreme wind, storm surge, waves, beach erosion, and hazardous water quality conditions. Reducing the loss of life and property from coastal hazards is a national imperative. The direct measurements of wind and water at landfall will help engineers design cost-effective storm-resilient communities. Data and video will be shared with researchers, operational groups, media outlets, commercial partners, and local response and recovery entities. Broader impacts on training, outreach, and recruiting will be achieved through collaboration with the University of Florida’s NSF-sponsored Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Experimental Facility. NHERI coordinates a comprehensive K-12 teacher professional development training program covering engineering design, inquiry, and design thinking. Content will be developed on landfalling hurricanes and the importance of building resilient coastlines by leveraging video, data, and analysis from this instrument.The goal of this MRI is to fill in a longstanding observational gap at the coast as tropical cyclones (hurricanes) transition from water to land in the littoral zone — where coastal waters meet the land. The fleet of portable monitoring stations (called “Sentinels”) will be installed shortly before landfall to ensure ideal placement; will resist extreme wind, storm surge, and hydrodynamic loads; and will continuously transmit live, high-fidelity measurements and video feeds. Sentinels will provide a versatile testbed to meet the diverse needs of researchers studying wind and hydrodynamic loading of coastal infrastructure, boundary layer meteorology, numerical weather prediction, air-sea interaction, remote sensing of surface wind and wave fields, storm surge and shallow wave behavior, coastal morphodynamics, biogeochemistry, among others. Numerous NSF-supported facilities and research projects will benefit from composite, synchronized datasets that quantify wind speed, water depth, wave height/direction, erosion, and changes in water quality associated with tropical cyclones. The data will help produce a more complete climate record for extreme storms and accelerate research directed at improving the characterization of wind, storm surge, and wave impacts to civil/coastal infrastructure, prediction of impacts to the nearshore water-land system, water quality monitoring, and estimation of surface wind intensity through numerical weather prediction and remote sensing. Design, instrumentation selection, and deployment strategies will be guided by a multi-disciplinary advisory group consisting of experts in wind, coastal, and environmental engineering; ecology; atmospheric science; and oceanography.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.