RAPID Proposal: Modification of the impact of insect disturbance on carbon cycling by fire

RAPID 提案：修改昆虫干扰对火灾碳循环的影响

• 批准号: 1262012
• 负责人: David Moore
• 金额: $ 19.97万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-11-01 至 2014-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1262012&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Proposal; Modification; impact; insect

This RAPID project takes advantage of a wildfire from the summer of 2012 to study the impacts of multiple disturbances on the functioning of pine forests in the Rocky Mountain region. The High Park Fire was the largest and most damaging in Colorado history, although fires of its magnitude are expected to become more common throughout the region in a warmer future. In this case, the range of disturbance histories within the perimeter of the fire area provides a rare opportunity to study the impact of pre-fire disturbance history on forest carbon and nutrient cycling. The investigators will make measurements of the amounts and distribution of remaining living and dead organic matter and chemicals in vegetation, on the ground and in the soil in burned and unburned forest patches, while also noting whether or not the patches had been previously infested by mountain pine beetles. This will enable tests of the additive impacts of insect outbreaks and wildfire and enable more informed predictions about potential forest conditions in the future in this region. Instruments will be installed by university scientists in plots burned in the fire that were also either infested or not by beetles during the most recent outbreak and compared with unburned plots. The U.S. Forest Service will measure trees, ground cover and soil conditions on the ground in the plots that can be resampled and compared to measurements made in the future. New analytical techniques will be applied to characterize soil organic matter composition and age. Finally, a newly available aircraft from the National Ecological Observatory Network equipped with hyperspectral and LIDAR sensors will be flown to provide blanket coverage of immediate post-fire surface conditions in the entire fire area so that results can be extrapolated from plot measurements. This project involves a novel collaboration of multiple universities in Colorado and Arizona, NEON, and the U.S. Forest Service that will provide valuable information to forest managers as they contemplate a future with more fire, as well as unique scientific insights into how history affects the responses of forest ecosystems to multiple stressors.

这个RAPID项目利用2012年夏天的一场野火，研究多种干扰对落基山脉地区松林功能的影响。高公园火灾是科罗拉多历史上规模最大、破坏性最强的一次火灾，尽管在更温暖的未来，这种规模的火灾预计将在整个地区变得更加普遍。在这种情况下，在火灾区域的周边范围内的干扰历史提供了一个难得的机会来研究火灾前的干扰历史对森林碳和养分循环的影响。调查人员将测量植被中剩余的活的和死的有机物质和化学物质的数量和分布，在燃烧和未燃烧的森林斑块的地面和土壤中，同时还注意到斑块是否以前被山松甲虫侵扰。这将有助于测试昆虫爆发和野火的叠加影响，并能够对该地区未来的潜在森林状况进行更明智的预测。大学的科学家们将在最近一次爆发的火灾中烧毁的地块上安装仪器，并与未烧毁的地块进行比较。美国林务局将测量这些地块上的树木、地面覆盖物和土壤状况，这些地块可以重新取样，并与未来的测量结果进行比较。 将采用新的分析技术来确定土壤有机质的组成和年龄。最后，国家生态观测网将新提供一架配备高光谱和激光雷达传感器的飞机，全面覆盖整个火灾地区火灾后的地表状况，以便从现场测量结果中推断出结果。该项目涉及科罗拉多和亚利桑那州多所大学、氖和美国林务局的新型合作，将为森林管理者提供有价值的信息，因为他们考虑未来有更多的火灾，以及历史如何影响森林生态系统对多种压力源的反应的独特科学见解。