SusChEM: Expanding Reductive Chemistry with the Rare Earth Metals

SusChEM：用稀土金属扩展还原化学

• 批准号: 1265396
• 负责人: William Evans
• 金额: $ 56.1万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1265396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SusChEM; Expanding; Reductive; Chemistry; Rare

With this award from the Chemical Synthesis (SYN) Program of the Chemistry Division,, Professor William J. Evans of the Department of Chemistry of the University of California, Irvine, and his students will utilize the unique properties of the rare earth metals, i.e., the lanthanides, yttrium, and scandium, to explore new aspects of redox chemistry, i.e., the reduction/oxidation reactions that constitute one of the two most general classes of chemical reactions. Because the rare earth metals represent extremes in the periodic table due to their unusual physical properties, they are an excellent set of elements for expanding the limits of this fundamental reaction type. The chemistry of the (N2)3- and (NO)2- radicals, new reduced forms of diatomic molecules of biological, industrial, and atmospheric significance that were discovered via the rare earths, will be examined. The reasons why (N2)3- is so effective in forming single molecule magnets with the highest blocking temperatures known to date will be pursued. The reactivity and physical properties of seven new rare earth oxidation states, the divalent cations of Y, Ho, Er, Tb, Pr, Gd, and Lu, discovered while exploring the reductive reactions that generated the anionic radicals above, will also be examined. In addition, the recent discovery of reductive photochemistry for rare earth complexes, found in a reaction powerful enough to reduce dinitrogen to the anion (N=N)2-, will be studied.Because redox reactions are central to so many processes in life and are critical to processes important in global sustainability such as solar water splitting and dinitrogen reduction, this research can have a broad impact on science and technology. More specifically, the reductive rare earth metal based discovery of the (N2)3- and (NO)2- radical anions has implications in biological, industrial, and atmospheric dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide chemistry. The (N2)3- radical also has demonstrated a new approach to the synthesis of single molecule magnets, entities that could have far-reaching implications in energy utilization and data storage. In general, this project allows the exploration of an under-developed set of elements, the rare earth metals, which are a valuable national resource with many technological applications, while providing training to students in f element chemistry that is essential to addressing issues associated with radioactive waste disposal while training the next generation of students in this field.

凭借化学司的化学合成（SYN）计划的奖项，加利福尼亚大学化学系的William J. Evans教授将利用稀土金属的独特特性，即lanthanides，yttrium和scandium，Yttrium and Scandium，YTTRTRIUM和SCANDIUM，探索均一代的新方面，即氧化物的新方面，均一代，即氧化物的新方面，均一代，均一代，均具有重新的作用。反应。 由于稀土金属由于其异常的物理特性而代表了元素周期表中的极端，因此它们是扩大这种基本反应类型的极限的绝佳元素。 （N2）3-和（NO）2-自由基的化学，将研究通过稀土发现的生物，工业和大气意义的新形式的生物学，工业和大气意义的新形式。 （N2）3-在形成迄今已知最高的阻塞温度最高的单分子磁体方面如此有效的原因。 在探索上面产生阴离子自由基的还原反应时发现的七个新稀土氧化状态的反应性和物理特性，即y，ho，ho，ho，er，tb，pr，gd和lu的二价阳离子。 此外，将研究近期发现的稀土复合物的还原性光化学，该反应的功能足以减少对阴离子（n = n）2-的功能。由于氧化还原反应对生活中的许多过程至关重要，并且对在全球可持续性中重要的过程至关重要，在全球可持续性中很重要，例如Solar Splitting和Dinitrogen，例如Solar Splitting和Dinitrogen，这对研究的研究都可以对科学进行广泛影响。 更具体地说，（N2）3-和（NO）2-自由基阴离子的还原性稀土金属的发现对生物，工业和大气二氮和氮氧化物化学具有影响。 （N2）3-激进分析还证明了一种新的方法，用于合成单分子磁体，这些磁体可能在能量利用和数据存储中具有深远的影响。 总的来说，该项目允许探索一组欠发达的元素，即稀土金属，这是具有许多技术应用的宝贵国家资源，同时为F元素化学中的学生提供培训，这对于解决与放射性废物处理有关的问题至关重要，同时培训该领域的下一代学生。