Nanoporous Silicon: Probing Dimensionally Constrained Deformation in Non-Metals

纳米多孔硅：探测非金属中的尺寸约束变形

• 批准号: 1301184
• 负责人: Thomas Balk
• 金额: $ 39.96万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1301184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanoporous; Silicon; Probing; Dimensionally; Constrained

The research objective of this work is to understand how the mechanical behavior and structural stability of nanoporous silicon are influenced by the combined effects of small deformation volume and large surface-area-to-volume ratio. Silicon, with broad technological importance and wide current application, will serve as a model material for nanostructured non-metallic systems. Recently, a number of research groups have reported that nanoscale silicon structures exhibit ductile deformation below a critical size. Motivated by these results, this project will investigate the mechanical behavior of nanoporous silicon whose ligament structure consists of an interconnected network of fine silicon nanowires. The research approach combines computational and experimental methodologies and leverages an ongoing collaboration between the University of Kentucky and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. The proposed research specifically aims to structurally and mechanically characterize nanoporous silicon, and to simulate and model nanoporous silicon deformation. The investigators will utilize a battery of thin film and small-scale test techniques that have been established in Lexington (Kentucky) and Karlsruhe (Germany) as well as atomistic computational models to realize these aims. Combined results will then be leveraged to elucidate the structural stability, mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of nanoporous silicon, particularly with respect to the role of dimensional constraints placed on silicon deformation by the nanoscale ligament structure.Success in this research project will benefit efforts to more broadly incorporate nanostructured non-metals in technological applications, as well as the deployment of nanostructured silicon in industrially relevant engineering solutions. The proposed research establishes the fundamental understanding required by related device-level engineering efforts to develop next-generation photovoltaics, optical sensors, battery anodes, flexible electronics or nanoscale light-emitting diodes. In addition, the Kentucky-Karlsruhe collaboration will provide American students with hands-on laboratory experience in a world-class international research environment, German students with an opportunity to live and perform research in the USA, and all students the horizon-broadening opportunity to work with foreign peers in a science-focused cultural exchange.

这项工作的研究目的是了解小变形体积和大比表面积体积比对纳米多孔硅的力学行为和结构稳定性的影响。硅具有广泛的技术重要性和广泛的当前应用，将成为纳米结构非金属系统的模型材料。最近，一些研究小组报道了纳米硅结构在临界尺寸以下表现出延性变形。在这些结果的推动下，本项目将研究纳米多孔硅的力学行为，其韧带结构由细小的硅纳米线组成的互联网络组成。该研究方法结合了计算和实验方法，并利用了肯塔基大学和卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院之间正在进行的合作。本研究旨在对纳米多孔硅的结构和力学特性进行表征，并对纳米多孔硅的变形进行模拟和建模。研究人员将利用已经在列克星敦(肯塔基州)和卡尔斯鲁厄(德国)建立的一系列薄膜和小规模测试技术以及原子计算模型来实现这些目标。综合结果将被用来阐明纳米多孔硅的结构稳定性、机械性能和变形机制，特别是关于纳米级韧带结构对硅变形施加的尺寸约束的作用。这一研究项目的成功将有助于在技术应用中更广泛地结合纳米结构非金属，以及在工业相关的工程解决方案中部署纳米结构硅。拟议的研究奠定了开发下一代光伏、光学传感器、电池阳极、柔性电子产品或纳米发光二极管所需的相关设备级工程工作所需的基本理解。此外，肯塔基州和卡尔斯鲁厄大学的合作将为美国学生提供在世界级国际研究环境中实践实验室的经验，为德国学生提供在美国生活和进行研究的机会，并为所有学生提供开阔视野的机会，与外国同行在以科学为重点的文化交流中合作。