P2C2: Positive Feedback between Dust, Radiation, Precipitation and Temperature as a Driver for Abrupt Climate Change

P2C2：灰尘、辐射、降水和温度之间的正反馈是气候突变的驱动因素

• 批准号: 1304540
• 负责人: Amy Clement
• 金额: $ 40.31万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-15 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1304540&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: P2C2; Positive; Feedback; between; Dust

Aerosol feedbacks represent one of the highest uncertainties in the dynamics of the Earth system (IPCC, 2007). Paleoclimate records show significant fluctuations in dust associated with changes in climate. However, the role of dust as a feedback to climate change in the past and into the future remains highly uncertain. The proposed working hypothesis is that a positive feedback between dust, radiation, precipitation and temperature is an important driver for abrupt climate change. Researchers from the University of Miami will focus on two periods of abrupt climate change in the Atlantic: Heinrich Event 1 and the termination of the African Humid Period. These are two periods of abrupt climate change for which the source of the abruptness is still a matter of debate. PIs will run transient paleoclimate simulations using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Earth System Model (CESM) coupled to an interactive dust model, synthesize paleo-dust and drought records, and test the sensitivity of their results to changes in dust optical properties. Intellectual MeritThe proposed research will advance our understanding and knowledge of forcing and feedbacks associated with desert dust in past periods of abrupt climate change, and determine if climate change is more abrupt when dust is an interactive component. Through model-data synthesis, the PIs will analyze if the inclusion of dust climate feedback in paleoclimate simulations bring models into better agreement with observations. Results from the transient paleoclimate simulations will be made available online to facilitate paleoclimate model-data intercomparisons. Broader ImpactsThe project will establish linkages between the University of Miami, NCAR, and Cornell University through the use of CESM and the participation in the CESM Paleoclimate Working Group. Research activities will be presented at scientific conferences, workshops, and community outreach events, such as the science café (http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/info/seminar-archive/msg01683.html). Knowledge gained from this work will be used to prepare curriculum material for undergraduate and graduate courses taught at the University of Miami. The PIs participate in the Earth Science Women's Network (ESWN), a group that promotes mentoring, support, professional collaborations, and career development with other women working in science and technology. In addition, the PIs participate in the annual RSMAS Women in Science day. This program targets sixth and seventh grade girls, and female scientists from the Rosenstiel School lead hands-on activities in their scientific field to engage the young participants.

气溶胶反馈是地球系统动态中最不确定的因素之一（气专委，2007年）。古气候记录显示，与气候变化有关的尘埃的显着波动。然而，灰尘在过去和未来作为气候变化的反馈的作用仍然非常不确定。拟议的工作假设是，灰尘、辐射、降水和温度之间的正反馈是气候突变的重要驱动因素。来自迈阿密大学的研究人员将重点关注大西洋气候突变的两个时期：海因里希事件1和非洲潮湿期的终止。这是两个气候突变的时期，其突变的来源仍然是一个有争议的问题。PI将使用国家大气研究中心（NCAR）社区地球系统模型（CESM）耦合到交互式灰尘模型，合成古灰尘和干旱记录，并测试其结果对灰尘光学特性变化的敏感性。智力MeritThe拟议的研究将推进我们的理解和知识的强迫和反馈与沙漠灰尘在过去的气候突变时期，并确定气候变化是否更突然时，灰尘是一个相互作用的组成部分。通过模型数据合成，PI将分析在古气候模拟中纳入尘埃气候反馈是否会使模型与观测结果更一致。瞬态古气候模拟的结果将在网上提供，以促进古气候模型数据的相互比较。更广泛的影响该项目将通过使用CESM和参与CESM古气候工作组，在迈阿密大学、NCAR和康奈尔大学之间建立联系。将在科学会议、讲习班和社区外联活动中介绍研究活动，如科学咖啡馆（http：//www.rsmas.miami.edu/info/culturear-archive/msg01683.html）。从这项工作中获得的知识将用于编写迈阿密大学本科和研究生课程的课程材料。项目执行主任参加了地球科学妇女网络，该网络是一个促进指导、支持、专业合作以及与其他从事科学和技术工作的妇女的职业发展的团体。此外，首席执行官还参加了一年一度的RSMAS妇女参与科学日活动。该计划针对六年级和七年级的女孩，罗森斯蒂尔学校的女科学家在其科学领域领导实践活动，以吸引年轻的参与者。