Li-Ion Battery Ceramics: Structural and Microstructural Evolution Mechanisms of Processing under an Electric Field

锂离子电池陶瓷：电场加工的结构和微观结构演化机制

• 批准号: 1305694
• 负责人: Lia Stanciu
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1305694&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Li; Ion; Battery; Ceramics; Structural

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: This project explores the fundamental hypothesis that applying an electric field during processing of ceramics, in particular lithium-ion battery relevant ceramics, has a significant effect on their porosity, densification, and ultimately on the reliability of the battery itself. The results will be used for the rational design of improved Li-ion battery relevant materials with targeted properties that overcome the current hurdles in their electrochemical and impedance performance. The fundamental knowledge acquired will impact the ceramics processing field by shedding light on a controversial topic (electric field effects on ceramics), and at the same time including fundamental advancements in the Li-ion battery field. The project also integrates education and training by incorporating both undergraduate research experiences, and a cyber-enabled experimental and computational materials science learning module. The learning module has a specific focus on integrated experimental and computational learning within the context of ceramic materials topics that are part of two courses offered at Purdue University.TECHNICAL DETAILS: The goal of this research is to reach an understanding, at a fundamental level, of the effect of the electric field application on the controlled processing of Li-ion battery relevant ceramic materials. The model materials of choice for this study are a sodium superionic conductor (Nasicon) ceramic, Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAG) (an electrolyte material with high ionic conductivity), and lithium vanadium phosphate (Li3V2(PO4)3) (LVP) (a material that can serve both as a cathode and as an anode). Battery performance and reliability are closely related to the presence of inhomogeneities and microstructural defects in the component materials. This project first focuses on the development and application of an experimentally validated microstructural and porosity evolution spark plasma sintering (SPS) phase field sintering model. Next, the experimental design is using these modeling results to verify the influence of electric field in terms of sintering, vacancy migration, tortuosity, microstructural inhomogeneity and porosity evolution in the model systems (LVP, LAG, and LVP/LAG). The third step of the research uses advanced simulation models to include thermal and electric field contributions, as well as pressure and rapid heating regimes to the growth phenomena during SPS processing of the model materials. Finally, the previous results are used to set up an experimental model to include actual SPS sintering regimes that contain the integrated SPS sintering experimental parameters (electric field, temperature, heating rate, and pressure) towards processing of samples with controlled porosity and minimal tortuosity.

非技术描述：该项目探讨了一个基本假设，即在陶瓷加工过程中施加电场，特别是锂离子电池相关陶瓷，对它们的孔隙率，致密化以及最终对电池本身的可靠性产生重大影响。研究结果将用于改进锂离子电池相关材料的合理设计，这些材料具有克服其电化学和阻抗性能方面的现有障碍的目标特性。所获得的基础知识将通过揭示一个有争议的话题（电场对陶瓷的影响）来影响陶瓷加工领域，同时包括锂离子电池领域的基本进步。该项目还通过整合本科生研究经验以及网络支持的实验和计算材料科学学习模块来整合教育和培训。该学习模块特别关注普渡大学提供的两门课程中陶瓷材料主题背景下的综合实验和计算学习。技术支持：本研究的目标是在基本层面上了解电场应用对锂离子电池相关陶瓷材料可控加工的影响。本研究选择的模型材料是钠超离子导体（Nasicon）陶瓷、Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5（PO 4）3（LAG）（具有高离子电导率的电解质材料）和磷酸钒锂（Li 3V 2（PO 4）3）（LVP）（可用作阴极和阳极的材料）。 电池性能和可靠性与组件材料中存在的不均匀性和微观结构缺陷密切相关。本计画首先针对放电等离子烧结相场烧结模型的发展与应用，以实验验证其显微结构与孔隙率的演化。接下来，实验设计使用这些建模结果来验证电场在模型系统（LVP、LAG和LVP/LAG）中的烧结、空位迁移、弯曲度、微观结构不均匀性和孔隙度演变方面的影响。研究的第三步使用先进的模拟模型，包括热和电场的贡献，以及压力和快速加热制度的SPS加工过程中的模型材料的生长现象。 最后，使用之前的结果建立实验模型，以包括实际的SPS烧结方案，其中包含集成的SPS烧结实验参数（电场、温度、加热速率和压力），以处理具有受控孔隙率和最小曲折度的样品。