Optical Spectroscopy and Control of Many-Body Dynamics in Semiconductors in High Magnetic Fields

*技术摘要*本项目将在强磁场中使用超快光学光谱探测和控制三种典型的低维半导体-量子阱、石墨烯和碳纳米管-中的非平衡多体动力学。将利用佛罗里达州塔拉哈西的国家高磁场实验室(NHMFL)的光学设施，以及莱斯大学PI实验室新实施的微型线圈脉冲磁体系统。各种磁场中的超快光学和显微光谱技术将被用来提供对固体中相互作用和受限电子的状态和动力学的新见解。澄清和回答上述问题和问题，不仅将促进我们对固体中载流子相互作用的理解，而且还将为利用多体效应的新器件开辟可能性。该项目将培训本科生和研究生掌握尖端技术，以培养光学光谱学、凝聚态物理和纳米科学方面的下一代专家。此外，通过与国家科学基金会国际研究和教育伙伴关系赠款的独特联系，该项目将为NanoJapan：面向本科生的夏季纳米技术研究计划的校友提供机会，通过在NHMFL的暑期实习来进一步他们的研究经验。*非技术摘要*现代晶体生长和纳米制造技术使人们能够创造出具有定制特性的人造纳米结构。这些结构提供了一个理想的实验室，在其中以高度可控的方式研究基础物理问题。这个项目将研究单个电子如何在三种典型的纳米结构中相互通信和合作行为：半导体量子阱、石墨烯和碳纳米管。将使用短而强的激光脉冲和高磁场相结合；高磁场提供了一个方便的旋钮，通过电子轨道和自旋运动的磁量子化来控制电子动力学。将利用佛罗里达州塔拉哈西的国家强磁场实验室(NHMFL)的设施，以及莱斯大学PI实验室的脉冲高场磁体系统。要解决的具体问题包括：i)独立的电子-空穴对如何发展宏观相干性？ii)集体性质如何表现在二维电子气的量子相干动力学中？以及iii)一维激子在量子简并密度下有多稳定？回答这些问题不仅会加深我们对固体中载流子相互作用的理解，还会为利用多体效应的新器件打开可能性。我们还将培养尖端技术方面的本科生和研究生，以培养下一代光学光谱学、凝聚态物理和纳米科学方面的专家。

****Technical Abstract****This project will probe and control non-equilibrium many-body dynamics in three prototypical low-dimensional semiconductors - quantum wells, graphene, and carbon nanotubes - using ultrafast optical spectroscopy in high magnetic fields. The optics facilities at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) in Tallahassee, Florida, as well as the newly implemented mini-coil pulsed magnet system in the PI's laboratory at Rice University will be utilized. Various ultrafast optical and microspectroscopy techniques in magnetic fields will be employed to provide new insight into the states and dynamics of interacting and confined electrons in solids. Clarifying and answering the above-stated issues and questions will not only advance our understanding of carrier interactions in solids but also open up possibilities for new devices utilizing many-body effects. This project will train undergraduate and graduate students in cutting-edge techniques to produce the next generation of experts in optical spectroscopy, condensed matter physics, and nanoscienec. Furthermore, through the unique linkage with the PI's Partnerships for International Research and Education grant from the NSF, this project will provide an opportunity for alumni of the NanoJapan: Summer Nanotechnology Research Program for Undergraduates to further their research experience with a summer internship at the NHMFL.****Non-Technical Abstract****Modern crystal growth and nanofabrication technologies allow one to create artificial nanostructures with tailored properties. These structures provide an ideal laboratory in which to study fundamental physics problems in a highly controllable manner. This project will investigate how individual electrons communicate with each other and behave cooperatively in three prototypical nanostructures: semiconductor quantum wells, graphene, and carbon nanotubes. Short and intense laser pulses combined with high magnetic fields will be used; a high magnetic field provides a convenient knob for controlling electron dynamics through the magnetic quantization of the orbital and spin motions of electrons. Facilities at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) in Tallahassee, Florida, as well as a pulsed high-field magnet system in the PI's laboratory at Rice University will be utilized. Specific questions to be addressed include: i) How do independent electron-hole pairs develop macroscopic coherence?; ii) How does a collective nature manifest itself in the quantum coherent dynamics of a two-dimensional electron gas?; and iii) How stable are one-dimensional excitons at quantum degenerate densities? Answering these questions will not only advance our understanding of carrier interactions in solids but also open up possibilities for new devices utilizing many-body effects. We will also train undergraduate and graduate students in cutting-edge techniques to produce the next generation of experts in optical spectroscopy, condensed matter physics, and nanoscience.