NSF East Asia and Pacific Summer Institute (EAPSI) for FY 2013 in Australia

这一行动资助埃默里大学的Howard Chiou于2013年夏天在澳大利亚墨尔本的莫纳什大学开展了一个社会、行为和经济科学领域的研究项目。该项目的标题是“调查西方生物医学的文化如何在澳大利亚从关注个人转变为关注团队。”主持会议的科学家是莱诺尔·曼德森博士。西方生物医学正在迅速变化--从强调个别照顾者自主的旧模式转向跨学科团队。该项目构建了在澳大利亚和美国实施的基于团队的护理模式下工作的医生和护士的比较人种学。通过对人种学参与者观察和深入访谈的扎根分析，可以开始确定这种新的强调对地方等级制度、护士与医生关系和医疗权威的影响。这些数据将医院单位的小群体动态与医院和生物医学的更大机构联系起来，进一步加深了我们对生物医学作为官僚机构和机构的知识。这些知识将有助于扩展关于生物医学社会学结构的理论，并最终将生物医学人类学作为一种复杂的国际人类现象提供信息。EAPSI奖学金的更广泛影响包括为研究员提供美国以外的第一手研究经验；介绍各自所在地的科学、科学政策和科学基础设施；以及了解社会、文化和语言。这些活动符合NSF的目标，即在其科学家、工程师和教育工作者的职业生涯早期为国际合作进行教育，从而确保拥有一支具有全球意识的美国科学队伍。此外，该项目将成为博士论文的一个重要组成部分，将通过出版或在学术会议上的介绍向包括人类学家和政策制定者在内的各种受众传播。该研究员还将组织一个为期半天的关于作为机构的医院人类学的研讨会，促进当地和国际在这一主题上的合作，并参加莫纳什大学和英国华威大学与来自多个学科的学生和研究人员的电话会议。最后，项目计划包括焦点小组，与研究信息者讨论初步发现，增加与当地非学术社区的接触。

This action funds Howard Chiou of Emory University to conduct a research project in the Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences area during the summer of 2013 at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. The project title is "Investigating How Cultures of Western Biomedicine are Changing from a Focus on Individuals to Teams in Australia." The host scientist is Dr. Lenore Manderson.Western biomedicine is rapidly changing--shifting from older models that emphasize the autonomy of individual caregivers towards interdisciplinary teams. This project constructs a comparative ethnography of physicians and nurses working within a team-based care model implemented in both Australia and the United States. Through grounded analyses of ethnographic participant observation and in-depth interviews, the effects of this new emphasis on local hierarchies, nurse-physician relationships, and medical authority can begin to be determined. This data connects small group dynamics on a hospital unit with the greater institutions of the hospital and biomedicine, furthering our knowledge of biomedicine as both bureaucracy and institution. This knowledge will help expand theory on the sociological structure of biomedicine, and ultimately inform the anthropology of biomedicine as a complex and international human phenomenon. Broader impacts of an EAPSI fellowship include providing the Fellow a first-hand research experience outside the U.S.; an introduction to the science, science policy, and scientific infrastructure of the respective location; and an orientation to the society, culture and language. These activities meet the NSF goal to educate for international collaborations early in the career of its scientists, engineers, and educators, thus ensuring a globally aware U.S. scientific workforce. Furthermore, this project will form an important component of a doctoral thesis that will be disseminated to a variety of audiences, including both anthropologists and policymakers, through publication or presentation at academic conferences. The Fellow will also organize a half-day symposium on the anthropology of hospitals as institutions, facilitating both local and international collaborations on the topic, and also participate in teleconferences at both Monash University and University of Warwick (UK) with students and researchers from multiple disciplines. Finally, the project plan includes focus groups to discuss initial findings with research informants, increasing engagement with local non-academic communities.