NSF East Asia and Pacific Summer Institute (EAPSI) for FY 2013 in China

这项行动资助亚利桑那州立大学的Maxwell Christopher Wilson于2013年夏天在中国北京的北京师范大学进行一个生物学研究项目。这个项目的题目是“评估中国南水北调工程的影响”。主持会议的科学家是李晓燕博士。华北平原（NCP）是中国25%以上人口的家园，有三条河流（海、黄、淮）为其服务，它面临的人均水资源短缺问题与世界上任何地区一样严重。新冠肺炎疫情加剧？作为中国粮食供应的关键，水资源短缺一直促使中国政府寻求缓解水资源紧张的替代措施。南水北调工程（SNWTP）由毛主席于20世纪50年代首次提出，是永久解决全国大会党水问题的最伟大尝试。2002年开始，经过50年的可行性研究，目前三条计划线路中的一条已经完成，每年向北方大运河输送90亿立方米的水。然而，虽然工程正在进行中，但对生态系统的影响尚不清楚。该项目旨在填补两个主要的知识空白，从亚利桑那州的类似调水项目中吸取教训，并将其应用于SNWTP。具体来说，这项研究量化了蒸发损失的水和运河沿线栖息地破碎化的影响。为保证数据的可操作性，本项目以在建的北水北调中线为研究对象。EAPSI奖学金的广泛影响包括为研究员提供美国以外的第一手研究经验；介绍该地区的科学、科学政策和科学基础设施；以及对社会、文化和语言的了解。这些活动符合美国国家科学基金会的目标，即在其科学家、工程师和教育工作者的职业生涯早期培养国际合作，从而确保美国科学劳动力具有全球意识。此外，这项研究将作为一个种子项目，加强北京师范大学和美国亚利桑那州立大学之间的合作。最后，在这个项目完成后，研究员和主持人计划在一份正式报告中直接与决策者分享结果，并通过在国际公认的期刊上发表而与更广泛的科学界分享结果。

This action funds Maxwell Christopher Wilson of Arizona State University to conduct a research project in Biology during the summer of 2013 at Beijing Normal University in Beijing, China. The project title is "Gauging the Impacts of China's South-to-North Water Transfer Project." The host scientist is Dr. Li Xiaoyan.The North China Plain (NCP), home to more than 25% of China's population and served by three rivers (Hai, Huang, and Huai), faces per capita water scarcity as acute as any region of the world. Exacerbated by the NCP?s critical place in China's food supply, this scarcity has long lead the Chinese government to seek alternative measures for alleviating water stress. First conceived in the 1950s by Chairman Mao, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP) represents the grandest attempt to permanently solve the NCP's water woes. Started in 2002, after a 50 year feasibility study, currently one of three planned routes is completed, delivering 9 billion cubic meters per year of water to the NCP. However, while construction is ongoing, the impacts of the SNWTP on ecosystems are unknown. This project aims to close two main knowledge gaps, taking lessons from similar water transfer projects in Arizona and applying them to the SNWTP. Specifically this research quantifies both water lost to evaporation and the impact of habitat fragmentation along the canal route. To assure that the data are actionable, this project focuses on the middle route of the SNWTP which is currently under construction. Broader impacts of an EAPSI fellowship include providing the Fellow a first-hand research experience outside the U.S.; an introduction to the science, science policy, and scientific infrastructure of the respective location; and an orientation to the society, culture and language. These activities meet the NSF goal to educate for international collaborations early in the career of its scientists, engineers, and educators, thus ensuring a globally aware U.S. scientific workforce. Furthermore, this research will act as a seed project, enhancing collaboration between Beijing Normal University and Arizona State University. Lastly, upon the completion of this project the Fellow and host plan to share the results directly with policy makers in a formal report as well as to the broader scientific community though publication in internationally recognized journals.