SHF: Small: Adapting VLSI Test Principles for VLSI Trust

如果集成电路（IC）是在（无晶圆厂）设计公司直接控制之外的代工厂设计和制造的，则逆向工程、恶意电路修改和知识产权（IP）盗版都是可能的。在这个设计流程中的任何地方，攻击者都可以对设计的功能进行逆向工程，并窃取和声称对IP的所有权。一个不值得信任的IC代工厂可能会过度生产IC，并在灰色市场出售多余的部件。代工厂中的恶意元素可能会在设计人员不知情的情况下将恶意电路（硬件特洛伊木马）插入设计中。由于这些和类似的基于硬件的攻击，半导体行业每年损失数十亿美元。在这个项目中，研究人员的目标是利用IC测试中提出的技术来科普制造缺陷，以开发有助于重新获得对电子芯片信任的防御技术。该项目的成功完成对社会的好处包括医疗保健，国防，金融，运输和汽车应用的可靠电子产品。其中一名调查人员获得了美国教育部的拨款，用于招募代表性不足的少数民族和女性进入纽约大学理工学院的电气和计算机工程博士课程。这个申请人库将用于招聘代表性不足的少数民族和妇女参与该项目。作为纽约大学-理工大学本科生研究经验（REU）计划和NSF REU计划的一部分，研究人员定期为本科生提供建议。这些本科生也将有资格参与本项目。其中一位研究人员开发了一门关于可信硬件介绍的研究生课程。研究人员将调整其中一些课程模块，以纳入其机构的适当本科课程。

If an Integrated Circuit (IC) is designed and fabricated in a foundry that is outside the direct control of the (fab-less) design house, reverse engineering, malicious circuit modification, and Intellectual Property (IP) piracy are all possible. An attacker, anywhere in this design flow, can reverse engineer the functionality of design, and steal and claim ownership of the IP. An untrustworthy IC foundry may overbuild ICs and sell the excess parts in the gray market. Rogue elements in the foundry may insert malicious circuits (hardware Trojans) into the design without the designer's knowledge. Because of these and similar hardware-based attacks, the semiconductor industry annually loses billions of dollars. In this project, the investigators aim at leveraging techniques proposed in the context of IC testing to cope with manufacturing defects for developing defense techniques that help regain trust in electronic chips. Benefits to society ensuing from successful completion of this project include trustworthy electronics for healthcare, defense, finance, transportation, and automotive applications. One of the investigators received a grant from the US Department of Education to recruit underrepresented minorities and women into the Electrical and Computer Engineering PhD program at NYU-Poly. This applicant pool will be used to recruit underrepresented minorities and women to work on this project. The investigators routinely advise undergraduates as part of the NYU-Poly Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program, and the NSF REU program. These undergraduate students will be eligible to work on the present project as well. One of the investigators has developed a graduate course on Introduction to Trustworthy Hardware. The investigators will adapt some of these course modules for inclusion in appropriate undergraduate courses at their institution.