A Modular Capability for Community Modeling of Flares, Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and their Interplanetary Impacts

这笔赠款是为2012年NASA-NSF空间天气建模合作伙伴关系下选定和资助的一个项目提供部分支持。这是美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心(GSFC)和密歇根大学的合作成果。其目标是开发新一代数值模拟代码和工具，用于社区范围内对太阳耀斑、日冕物质抛射(CME)和太阳高能粒子(SEP)的研究，以检验太阳喷发理论与观测到的事件，并努力提高预测能力。将开发的模块化太阳喷发能力将由一套可互换的模块和库组成，其中包括一个观察物和一个培训库，这将使用户能够模拟一个完整的太阳喷发事件，从通量涌现造成的能量积累到对地球的空间天气影响。这一新的能力建立在提议团队在理解耀斑和日冕物质抛射物理以及在空间天气建模方面取得的最新进展的基础上。该小组开发了一些关于太阳活动的领先理论，并提供了一些目前可供社区使用的最广泛使用的空间天气模型。发展MSEC的具体确定目标包括：利用太阳等离子体双温度模型并纳入对太阳大气层能量状态至关重要的必要物理学知识；利用基于太阳风的Alfvén波加速和耗散的新唯象模型；通过将两个最先进的通量产生模型与全球太阳日冕模型相结合，探索上层对流带和太阳日冕之间的物理联系，从而以自洽的方式解决能量积累和日冕引发的问题。该小组在太阳和日球层基本理论、观测事件的建模和数据分析以及计算物理方面形成了国际公认的专家之间的密切合作。完成后，MSEC将交付给社区协调建模中心(CCMC)，供科学界访问，并最终过渡到用于业务空间天气预报。最先进的模拟代码和工具组成了最终的MSEC，构成了一种创新的、潜在的变革性能力，整个社区将使用它来解决太阳喷发问题。虽然该团队将推行一个令人兴奋的科学计划，使用新的模型来解决太阳喷发中的核心科学问题，但据设想，大部分科学成果最终将由外部社区获得。这一努力的结果将有助于促进我们对太阳喷发的理解和建模，而太阳喷发是国家空间气象的高度优先需求。该项目的教育部分包括博士后和研究生的参与。这一合作建立在合作伙伴之间长期伙伴关系的基础上，并大大加强了这一合作伙伴关系。其中，这将为密歇根大学的学生提供与NASA顶尖科学家合作的机会，并获得GSFC的独特资源，GSFC是一个国家设施。

This grant is for partial support of a project selected and funded under the 2012 NASA-NSF partnership for Space Weather Modeling Collaborations. It is a collaborative effort between NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and University of Michigan. The objective is to develop a new generation of numerical simulation codes and tools for community-wide investigation of Solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CME), and solar energetic particles (SEP) to test theories of solar eruptions against observed events and work towards a predictive capability. The Modular Solar Eruptions Capability (MSEC) to be developed will consist of a set of interchangeable modules and libraries, including an observables and a training library, which will enable the user to model a complete solar eruption event, from energy build-up by flux emergence to space weather impact at Earth. The new capability builds on recent advances by the proposing team in understanding the physics of flares and CMEs and in modeling space weather. The team has developed some of the leading theories for solar activity and has delivered some of the most widely used space weather models that is currently available to the community. Specific defining objectives for the development of the MSEC include: utilizing a two-temperature model for the solar plasma and incorporating the necessary physics important for the energy state of the solar atmosphere; utilizing a new phenomenological model for the solar wind-based Alfvén-wave acceleration and dissipation; exploring the physical connection between the upper convection zone and the solar corona by coupling two state-of-the-art models of flux emergence with the global model of the solar corona, thereby addressing the issue of energy build-up and CME initiation in a self-consistent manner. The team forms a strong collaboration between internationally recognized experts in basic solar and heliospheric theory, in the modeling and data analysis of observed events, and in computational physics. When completed, the MSEC will be delivered to the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) for access by the scientific community and eventual transition to use for operational space weather forecasting. The state-of-the-art simulation codes and tools comprising the final MSEC constitute an innovative and potentially transformative capability that will be used by the whole community to attack the solar eruption problem. While the team will pursue an exciting science program that uses the new models to attack the core science problems in solar eruptions, it is envisioned that the bulk of the science results ultimately will be obtained by the outside community. The results of this effort will help advance our understanding and modeling of solar eruptions, which are high priority national space weather needs. Educational components of the project include the participation of postdocs and graduate students. The collaboration builds on and greatly strengthens a longstanding partnership between the partners. Amongst others, this will provide the opportunity for students of University of Michigan to work with leading NASA scientists and have access to the unique resources at GSFC, a national facility.