SBIR Phase II: Safety and Mobility System

SBIR 第二阶段：安全和移动系统

• 批准号: 1329477
• 负责人: Pravin Varaiya
• 金额: $ 45.06万
• 依托单位: Sensys Networks, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1329477&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Safety; Mobility

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project should dramatically improve intersection safety and mobility in a practical way. Safety is measured by the risk of collision between pedestrians, bicycles and vehicles; safety is improved by better signal timing, warnings, and possibly enforcement. Mobility is measured by vehicle delay, number of stops, and throughput; it is improved by better signal control, and adaptation to current traffic conditions. Today traffic data collected in 300,000 intersections in the US consists of manual vehicle counts conducted every couple of years; bicycles or pedestrians are almost never measured. Traffic signal settings are based on these inadequate measurements. Safety risk is measured by counting crashes; there is no account of near-crashes. Measurement of intersection performance (level of service, throughput, and delay) is rarely attempted since it requires continuous monitoring of traffic. Nevertheless major signalized intersections do detect the presence of vehicles, and do receive push button signals from pedestrians if they wish to cross. A few intersections have bicycle detectors. What is lacking is the means to collect these measurements and intelligently fuse them to estimate the traffic state in real-time. This innovation is the only system that can do this.The broader and commercial impact of this innovation is the savings in lives and lost productivity. Inefficient operation of intersections is costly. Poor intersection control causes 295 million vehicle-hours of traffic delay, and annually costs the peak-period traveler $710 in additional travel time and fuel. An estimated 2.3M crashes occurred at intersections in 2008, accounting for 40 percent of 5.8M crashes, 7,421 fatalities (including 4,092 pedestrians) and 733,000 crashes with injuries. Unless urban roads are carefully managed, these mobility and safety costs will only increase as cities try to provide convenient multimodal transportation choices to all citizens, whether it?s by driving, walking, bicycling, or transit, leading to greater interaction between the modal types. But careful management requires the ability to evaluate, predict and identify means to improve intersection mobility and safety. Today the data needed to conduct such studies on a routine basis are not available anywhere. This innovation is the only system that can provide such data in real time. It will be an exceptionally low-cost system that can be installed in a few hours, with data available the next day. This innovation will address the emerging requirements of the recent federal MAP-21 legislation.

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目应该以切实可行的方式大大提高交叉口的安全性和机动性。安全是通过行人、自行车和车辆之间的碰撞风险来衡量的;安全是通过更好的信号时间、警告和可能的执法来提高的。机动性通过车辆延迟、停靠次数和吞吐量来衡量;通过更好的信号控制和对当前交通状况的适应来改善。今天，在美国30万个十字路口收集的交通数据包括每隔几年进行一次的手动车辆计数;自行车或行人几乎从未被测量过。交通信号灯设置是基于这些不充分的测量。安全风险是通过计算撞车次数来衡量的;没有计算接近撞车的次数。交叉口的性能（服务水平，吞吐量和延迟）的测量很少尝试，因为它需要连续的交通监控。然而，主要的信号交叉口确实能检测到车辆的存在，如果行人想通过，也会收到他们的按钮信号。一些十字路口有自行车探测器。缺乏的是收集这些测量值并智能融合它们以实时估计交通状态的方法。这项创新是唯一能做到这一点的系统。这项创新的更广泛和商业影响是节省生命和损失的生产力。交叉口的低效率操作是昂贵的。糟糕的交叉口控制导致2.95亿车辆小时的交通延误，每年花费高峰期旅行者710美元的额外旅行时间和燃料。据估计，2008年有230万起事故发生在交叉路口，占580万起事故的40%，7,421人死亡（包括4,092名行人），733,000人受伤。除非城市道路得到精心管理，否则随着城市试图为所有公民提供便利的多式联运选择，这些流动性和安全成本只会增加，是吗？S通过驾驶、步行、骑自行车或交通，导致模态类型之间更大的交互。但是，仔细的管理需要有能力评估，预测和确定提高交叉口机动性和安全性的方法。今天，任何地方都没有进行这种常规研究所需的数据。这一创新是唯一能够真实的提供此类数据的系统。这将是一个非常低成本的系统，可以在几个小时内安装，第二天就可以获得数据。这一创新将满足最近联邦MAP-21立法的新要求。