Doctoral Dissertation Research: When Poverty Disappears: Investigating the Impact of a Universal Guaranteed Income

SES-1333623 Erik O.威斯康星大学如果消除了贫困，一个城镇会发生什么？如果所有居民突然可以通过普遍的收入转移机制以大量现金支付的形式实现真正的经济安全，会发生什么？这项研究探讨了20世纪70年代末一项未充分研究的准实验的影响，该实验被称为马尼托巴基本年收入实验，或明康。由加拿大和马尼托巴政府进行的Mincome试验了一项为期三年的普遍基本年收入方案。该计划的参与者能够为一个四口之家获得相当于18，725加元的保证收入。虽然Mincome在三个主要地点进行，但研究的重点是位于马尼托巴Dauphin镇的所谓“饱和”地点，该镇所有居民都有资格领取Mincome付款。 关于基本收入及其融入广泛的资本主义经济的问题，有广泛的理论文献。争论主要集中在对劳动力供给和工作关系的影响上，其次是对性别和家庭关系的影响。关于贫困的相关文献甚至更多，这些文献仍然与基本收入可能影响从犯罪到福利国家管理等广泛社会结果的方式有关。本文将小城镇的基本收入作为自变量，将工作、性别和家庭、教育、犯罪和暴力以及社会政策的污名效应作为因变量。更广泛的影响虽然自20世纪90年代以来经济增长一直相当稳定，但与战后几十年不同，它与就业增长越来越脱节。未来几十年的挑战与其说是寻找新的就业来源，不如说是分配稳定增长的产出。当代的经济瓶颈可能不是由于人们的工作意愿，而是由于就业的可靠生产。尽管如此，仍然很少有证据表明有保障的最低收入政策可能以各种方式运作。 Mincome是一个前所未有的实验，提供了丰富的信息来源，应该进一步分析。 虽然没有一个实验能够一劳永逸地回答工作-收入关系的广泛重塑所提出的深层次问题，但多芬实验的发现有可能为这个问题提供有价值的知识。

SES-1333623Erik O. WrightDavid CalnitskyUniversity of WisconsinWhat would happen to a town if poverty were eliminated? What would happen if all residents suddenly could achieve genuine economic security in the form of substantial cash payments through a universal income transfer mechanism? This research examines the impact of an understudied quasi-experiment from the late 1970s called the Manitoba Basic Annual Income Experiment, or Mincome. Mincome, conducted by the Canadian and Manitoba Governments, tested a three-year universal basic annual income program. Participants in the program were able to secure guaranteed incomes equivalent to $18,725 CDN for a family of four. While Mincome took place in three main sites, the study focuses on the so-called "saturation" site located in the town of Dauphin, Manitoba, where all town residents were eligible for Mincome payments. There is a wide-ranging theoretical literature on the subject of basic income and its integration into a broadly capitalist economy. Debates focus primarily on the effects on the labor supply and work relations, and secondarily on gender and familial relations. There is an even bigger adjacent literature on poverty that remains relevant to the way a basic income might affect broad social outcomes from crime to the administration of the welfare state. This dissertation treats basic income in a small town as the independent variable, where work, gender and the family, education, crime and violence, and the stigma effects of social policy are treated as dependent variables.Broader Impact While economic growth has been fairly steady since the 1990s, unlike the post-war decades it has been increasingly disconnected to employment growth. The challenge of the coming decades may be less about the search for new sources of employment than the distribution of a steadily expanding output. The contemporary economic bottleneck may not be due to people's willingness to work, but rather the dependable production of employment. Nonetheless, there is still little evidence on the various ways a guaranteed minimal income policy might operate. Mincome was a unprecedented experiment and provides a rich source of information that should be further analyzed. While no experiment can answer once and for all the deep questions posed by the broad reshaping of the work-income relationship, findings from the Dauphin experiment has the potential to contribute valuable knowledge on the subject.