Heat and Charge Transport and Coupling in Quantum-Confined Nanowires

量子限制纳米线中的热和电荷传输及耦合

• 批准号: 1336428
• 负责人: Renkun Chen
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1336428&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Heat; Charge; Transport; Coupling; Quantum

CBET- 1336428PI: ChenIn dielectric materials, such as semiconductors, heat is conducted by phonons (lattice vibrations). When the characteristic length scale of a solid is comparable to phonon wavelength, which for most semiconductors is in the range of 1 to 10 nm, a new regime referred to as the ?phonon confinement? regime arises. This regime has yet to be accessed experimentally but will provide tremendous insight into the fundamentals of energy transport and conversion. The goal of this project will be to probe the phonon confinement regime for the first time with the following objectives: 1) Develop a high-resolution resistive thermometry scheme capable of resolving sub-picowatt/Kelvin (pW/K) thermal conductance, in order to probe nanowires with diameter down to 5 nm, which will possess thermal conductance on the order of 10 pW/K; 2) Study thermal transport in single-component and core-shell nanowires in the phonon confinement regime, in order to elucidate the effects of confinement and boundary scattering on thermal transport, as well as explore the prospect of phononic engineering through heterostructures; 3) Investigate carrier and thermoelectric transport in the quantum confinement regime to understand low dimensional charge transport and electron-phonon coupling. Thermal energy transport and conversion phenomena are ubiquitous in a variety of technologies, such as heat generation and dissipation in computing and communication devices and thermoelectric waste heat scavenging. As the trend of miniaturization continues, the size of various functional structures is approaching the scale of phonon wavelength. This project will enhance our understanding of fundamental thermal energy transport and conversion processes in the quantum confinement regime. Subsequently, this understanding will enable us to engineer thermal and thermoelectric properties beyond the classical size effect regime, which could impact important thermal technologies such as thermal insulation, thermoelectrics, and thermal management. The research undertaken in this project will also train students in the interdisciplinary fields of nano-science and heat transfer. Furthermore, opportunities to engage and educate local disadvantaged high school and undergraduate students will be supported through this project in conjunction with outreach programs at the UCSD campus.

CBET- 1336428PI：Chen 在介电材料（例如半导体）中，热量通过声子（晶格振动）传导。当固体的特征长度尺度与声子波长相当时（大多数半导体的声子波长在 1 至 10 nm 范围内），就会出现一种称为“声子限制”的新机制。政权出现。该机制尚未通过实验获得，但将为能源传输和转换的基本原理提供深刻的见解。该项目的目标是首次探测声子约束机制，其目标如下：1）开发一种能够解析亚皮瓦/开尔文（pW/K）热导的高分辨率电阻测温方案，以探测直径小至5 nm的纳米线，其热导将达到10 pW/K量级； 2）研究声子约束体系中单组分和核壳纳米线的热输运，以阐明约束和边界散射对热输运的影响，并探索异质结构声子工程的前景； 3) 研究量子限制体系中的载流子和热电传输，以了解低维电荷传输和电子-声子耦合。热能传输和转换现象在各种技术中普遍存在，例如计算和通信设备中的热量产生和耗散以及热电废热清除。 随着小型化趋势的持续，各种功能结构的尺寸正在接近声子波长的尺度。该项目将增强我们对量子限制体系中基本热能传输和转换过程的理解。随后，这种理解将使我们能够设计出超越经典尺寸效应范围的热和热电特性，这可能会影响重要的热技术，例如隔热、热电和热管理。该项目进行的研究还将培训纳米科学和传热跨学科领域的学生。此外，通过该项目以及加州大学圣地亚哥分校校园的外展计划，将支持吸引和教育当地弱势高中和本科生的机会。