Togiak Archaeological and Paleoecological project

托吉亚克考古和古生态项目（TAPP）是一个长期的研究古生态和Yup'ik爱斯基摩村庄的历史，人口，生计，技术和社会变化在北方布里斯托湾，阿拉斯加。该项目以老托吉亚克考古遗址为中心，20世纪60年代初的调查确定了图勒阶段的分层房屋土丘，可追溯到过去的1000年。该遗址保存完好的动物遗迹、房屋特征以及各种各样的石头、骨头、鹿角、象牙和木制工具，为解决与村庄演变和生存策略相关的研究问题提供了丰富的潜力。从长远来看，该项目将测试将气候变化和资源获取与村庄占用模式和觅食战略联系起来的替代假设。 该提案适用于EAGER供资机制，因为在为一个完整的研究项目建立一个约束良好且可辩护的协议之前，地球物理调查将需要进行大量的勘探和分析。此外，还需要开展实验室研究，强调广泛的放射性碳测年，以建立初步的古生态模式，并初步评估随时间的生存行为。 这些初步数据和分析对于设想全面研究工作的方向至关重要。 该项目对其他考古调查很重要，因为它将制定协议并创建复杂土墩遗址的模型，从而为调查这些复杂的考古遗址提供一种经济的方式。 该研究还将深入探讨气候与不断变化的资源开发战略之间的关系以及社会复杂性的演变等至关重要的问题。 该项目的另一个关键问题是，老托吉亚克遗址是阿拉斯加西南部一个独特的大土堆遗址，在未来几年内有可能被海滩侵蚀、冰的破坏和生存挖掘所摧毁。 此外，项目小组将利用项目的第一年，就第二年实地研究的设计与托吉亚克社区进行广泛协商。 这一进程将为阿拉斯加土著社区协商和纳入考古研究提供一个模式。

The Togiak Archaeological and Paleoecological Project (TAPP) is a long term study of paleoecology and Yup'ik Eskimo village history, demographics, subsistence, technology, and social change in northern Bristol Bay, Alaska. The project is centered on the Old Togiak archaeological site, where previous investigations in the early 1960s identified stratified house mounds of the Thule phase, dated to the last 1000 years. With excellent preservation of faunal remains, house features, and a wide variety of stone, bone, antler, ivory, and wooden tools, the site offers abundant potential to address research questions associated with village evolution, and subsistence strategies. In the long term, the project will test alternative hypotheses linking climate change and resource access to patterns of village occupation and foraging strategies. The proposal is appropriate to the EAGER funding mechanism because the geophysical investigation will require significant exploration and analysis before a well constrained and defensible protocol can be established for a full research project. In addition, laboratory studies emphasizing extensive radiocarbon dating are needed to construction of an initial paleoecological model, and preliminary evaluation of subsistence behavior over time. This preliminary data and analyses are critical for envisioning the direction of a full research effort. The project is important to other archaeological investigations because it will set out the protocols and create models of complex mound sites and as such provide an economical way for investigating these complex archaeological sites. The research will also provide insights into issues of critical importance concerning the relationship between climate and shifting resource exploitation strategies and the evolution of social complexity. Another issue critical for this project is that the Old Togiak Site, which is a uniquely large mound site in South Western Alaska, is at risk of being destroyed in the next few years by beach erosion, ice damage, and subsistence digging. In addition, the project team will utilize the first year of the project to consult extensively with the Togiak community about the design of the second year's field research. This process will provide a model for Alaska Native community consultation and inclusion in archaeological research.