Togiak Archaeological and Paleoecological project

Togiak考古和古生态项目(TAPP)是对阿拉斯加州布里斯托尔湾北部的古生态和约普伊克·爱斯基摩人村落的历史、人口统计、生存、技术和社会变化的长期研究。该项目以老托吉亚克考古遗址为中心，20世纪60年代初的先前调查在那里发现了图勒阶段的分层屋丘，可以追溯到过去1000年。该遗址保存完好，保存了动物遗迹、房屋特征和各种各样的石头、骨头、鹿角、象牙和木器，为解决与村庄演变和生存战略相关的研究问题提供了巨大的潜力。从长远来看，该项目将测试将气候变化和资源获取与村庄占领和觅食战略模式联系起来的替代假设。这项提议适用于迫切需要资金的机制，因为地球物理调查将需要大量的勘探和分析，然后才能为一个完整的研究项目制定一项有很好约束和可辩护的议定书。此外，还需要进行实验室研究，强调广泛的放射性碳测年，以建立初步的古生态模型，并初步评估随时间推移的生存行为。这些初步数据和分析对于设想一项全面研究工作的方向至关重要。该项目对其他考古调查很重要，因为它将制定协议并创建复杂丘陵遗址的模型，因此为调查这些复杂的考古遗址提供了一种经济的方式。这项研究还将对气候与不断变化的资源开采战略之间的关系以及社会复杂性的演变等至关重要的问题提供见解。另一个对该项目至关重要的问题是，老托吉亚克遗址是阿拉斯加西南部一个独特的大型丘陵遗址，在未来几年内面临着被海滩侵蚀、冰层破坏和自给自足的挖掘所破坏的风险。此外，项目组将利用项目的第一年，就第二年实地研究的设计与Togiak社区进行广泛磋商。这一进程将为阿拉斯加土著社区协商和纳入考古研究提供一个模式。

The Togiak Archaeological and Paleoecological Project (TAPP) is a long term study of paleoecology and Yup'ik Eskimo village history, demographics, subsistence, technology, and social change in northern Bristol Bay, Alaska. The project is centered on the Old Togiak archaeological site, where previous investigations in the early 1960s identified stratified house mounds of the Thule phase, dated to the last 1000 years. With excellent preservation of faunal remains, house features, and a wide variety of stone, bone, antler, ivory, and wooden tools, the site offers abundant potential to address research questions associated with village evolution, and subsistence strategies. In the long term, the project will test alternative hypotheses linking climate change and resource access to patterns of village occupation and foraging strategies. The proposal is appropriate to the EAGER funding mechanism because the geophysical investigation will require significant exploration and analysis before a well constrained and defensible protocol can be established for a full research project. In addition, laboratory studies emphasizing extensive radiocarbon dating are needed to construction of an initial paleoecological model, and preliminary evaluation of subsistence behavior over time. This preliminary data and analyses are critical for envisioning the direction of a full research effort. The project is important to other archaeological investigations because it will set out the protocols and create models of complex mound sites and as such provide an economical way for investigating these complex archaeological sites. The research will also provide insights into issues of critical importance concerning the relationship between climate and shifting resource exploitation strategies and the evolution of social complexity. Another issue critical for this project is that the Old Togiak Site, which is a uniquely large mound site in South Western Alaska, is at risk of being destroyed in the next few years by beach erosion, ice damage, and subsistence digging. In addition, the project team will utilize the first year of the project to consult extensively with the Togiak community about the design of the second year's field research. This process will provide a model for Alaska Native community consultation and inclusion in archaeological research.