Collaborative Research: Studies of ULF Waves Associated with Solar Wind Coupling to the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere.

题目：合作研究：与太阳风耦合到磁层和电离层相关的ULF波的研究plr -1341677 PI: Marc Lessard，新罕布什尔州大学（Lead）PLR-1341493 PI: Mark Engebretson，奥格斯堡学院（Non-Lead）自从太空时代开始以来，越来越复杂的努力已经被用于探索和了解地球？S空间环境。因为地球的那些部分？由于在高纬度地区，地球磁场与地面相交的距离最远，在这些极地地区，地面磁力计阵列和极光成像仪长期以来一直是监测地球磁层偏远地区过程的重要手段。该合同将继续操作和分析六个地面感应（搜索线圈）磁力计的数据，这些磁力计位于南极洲（美国在南极和麦克默多的站点，以及英国的哈雷和罗瑟拉站点），两个位于北极（格陵兰岛的Sondrestromfjord和加拿大的Iqaluit）。本研究还包括对自动地球物理观测站阵列（AGOs）的搜索线圈数据的比较分析，该阵列位于南极帽纬度，范围从极光区到地磁极附近。该项目的台站是北极和南极地区地面电离层和磁层观测站阵列的关键环节。利用位于这些地点的其他仪器的数据，利用南极自动化仪器阵列以及美国宇航局低空和高空航天器的数据，这些仪器在各种地球空间现象的研究中发挥了重要作用，包括太阳风-磁层相互作用和地磁风暴和亚风暴。总之，这些仪器使研究整个范围的超低频率（ULF）变化成为可能，从Pc1和Pi1脉动到Pc5脉动，磁脉冲事件，突然的电磁脉冲，以及具有高灵敏度的亚暴干扰。结合其他仪器和航天器观测，对这些波的研究极大地增强了波观测的科学潜力，为地球空间动力学提供了新的物理见解。坚实的科学、合作的努力、国际伙伴以及前往南极洲的旅行为实现教育和推广目标提供了理想的机会。美国南极站搜索线圈磁力计的运行为新罕布什尔大学和明尼苏达州奥格斯堡学院的研究生和本科生提供了为前沿科学做出有意义贡献的绝佳机会。搜索线圈的数据被其他研究小组广泛使用，应用于研究日地关系、磁层物理和空间天气。这些仪器对地球空间环境的研究至关重要，这对我们这个技术先进的社会越来越重要。提高预测和描述重大空间天气事件的能力具有直接的社会效益。

Title: Collaborative Research: Studies of ULF waves associated with solar wind coupling to the magnetosphere and ionospherePLR-1341677 PI: Marc Lessard, University of New Hampshire (Lead)PLR-1341493 PI: Mark Engebretson, Augsburg College (Non-Lead)Since the beginning of the space age, increasingly sophisticated efforts have been made to explore and understand Earth?s space environment. Because those parts of Earth?s magnetic field that reach farthest out into space intersect the ground at high latitudes, arrays of ground magnetometers and auroral imagers at these polar regions have long been a valued means of monitoring processes in remote parts of Earth's magnetosphere. This award is to continue to operate and analyze data from six ground-based induction (search coil) magnetometers located in Antarctica (U.S. stations at South Pole and McMurdo, and the British Halley and Rothera stations), and two in the Arctic (Sondrestromfjord, Greenland, and Iqaluit, Canada). This research includes also the comparative analysis of search coil data from the array of automatic geophysical observatories (AGOs), a widely spaced array at Southern Polar Cap latitudes ranging from the auroral zone to near the geomagnetic pole.The stations in this project are key links in arrays of ground-based ionospheric and magnetospheric observatories in both the Arctic and Antarctic regions. With data from other instruments located at these sites and utilizing data from Antarctic arrays of automated instruments and from both low-altitude and high-altitude NASA spacecraft, these instruments play a significant role in a variety of studies of geospace phenomena including the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction and geomagnetic storms and substorms. Taken together, these instruments make it possible to study the entire range of Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) variations, from Pc1 and Pi1 pulsations down to Pc5 pulsations, magnetic impulse events, sudden electromagnetic impulses, and substorm disturbances with high sensitivity. Studies of these waves in conjunction with other instruments and spacecraft observations greatly enhance the scientific potential of the wave observations to provide new physical insights into Geospace dynamics.Solid science, collaborative effort, international partners, and travel to Antarctica provide an ideal opportunity to achieve education and outreach goals. Operation of the search coil magnetometers at the U.S. Antarctic stations provides excellent opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students at the University of New Hampshire and Augsburg College in Minnesota to make meaningful contributions to cutting-edge science.Search coils data are broadly employed by other research groups, with applications in studying solar-terrestrial relationships, magnetospheric physics, and space weather. These instruments are critical for the study of Earth's space environment, which has become increasingly important to our technologically advanced society. Improving the capability to forecast and characterize major space weather events has direct societal benefit.