Collaborative Research: Studies of ULF Waves Associated with Solar Wind Coupling to the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere.

标题：合作研究：关于太阳风与磁层和电离层耦合的超低频波的研究PLR-1341677 PI：马克·莱萨德，新汉普郡大学(领先)PLR-1341493 PI：马克·恩格布里特森，奥格斯堡学院(非领先)自空间时代开始，人们为探索和了解地球？S的空间环境做出了越来越复杂的努力。由于地球上S磁场最远的部分在高纬度与地面相交，这些极地地区的地面磁力仪和极光成像仪阵列长期以来一直是监测地球磁层偏远部分过程的重要手段。该奖项将继续运行和分析位于南极洲的六个地面感应(搜索线圈)磁力仪(美国南极站和麦克默多站，以及英国的哈雷站和罗瑟拉站)和北极的两个站(格陵兰岛的Sondrestromfjord和加拿大的Iqaluit)的数据。这项研究还包括对来自自动地球物理观测站阵列的搜索线圈数据进行比较分析，自动地球物理观测站阵列是南极帽纬度从极光地带到地磁极点附近的一个广泛分布的阵列，该项目中的站是北极和南极地区地面电离层和磁层观测站阵列的关键环节。利用设在这些地点的其他仪器提供的数据，并利用南极自动化仪器阵列和美国航天局低空和高空航天器的数据，这些仪器在各种地球空间现象的研究中发挥了重要作用，包括太阳风-磁层相互作用和地磁暴和亚暴。这些仪器结合在一起，使得能够以高灵敏度研究从Pc1和Pi1脉动到Pc5脉动、磁脉冲事件、突然电磁脉冲和亚风暴扰动的整个超低频(ULF)变化范围。结合其他仪器和航天器观测对这些波的研究极大地增强了波观测的科学潜力，为地球空间动力学提供了新的物理见解。扎实的科学、合作努力、国际伙伴和南极旅行为实现教育和推广目标提供了一个理想的机会。搜索线圈磁强计在美国南极站的运行为新汉普郡大学和明尼苏达州奥格斯堡学院的研究生和本科生提供了极好的机会，为尖端科学做出有意义的贡献。搜索线圈数据被其他研究小组广泛使用，应用于日地关系、磁层物理和空间天气研究。这些仪器对研究地球空间环境至关重要，空间环境对我们技术先进的社会已变得越来越重要。提高预报重大空间气象事件和确定其特征的能力具有直接的社会效益。

Title: Collaborative Research: Studies of ULF waves associated with solar wind coupling to the magnetosphere and ionospherePLR-1341677 PI: Marc Lessard, University of New Hampshire (Lead)PLR-1341493 PI: Mark Engebretson, Augsburg College (Non-Lead)Since the beginning of the space age, increasingly sophisticated efforts have been made to explore and understand Earth?s space environment. Because those parts of Earth?s magnetic field that reach farthest out into space intersect the ground at high latitudes, arrays of ground magnetometers and auroral imagers at these polar regions have long been a valued means of monitoring processes in remote parts of Earth's magnetosphere. This award is to continue to operate and analyze data from six ground-based induction (search coil) magnetometers located in Antarctica (U.S. stations at South Pole and McMurdo, and the British Halley and Rothera stations), and two in the Arctic (Sondrestromfjord, Greenland, and Iqaluit, Canada). This research includes also the comparative analysis of search coil data from the array of automatic geophysical observatories (AGOs), a widely spaced array at Southern Polar Cap latitudes ranging from the auroral zone to near the geomagnetic pole.The stations in this project are key links in arrays of ground-based ionospheric and magnetospheric observatories in both the Arctic and Antarctic regions. With data from other instruments located at these sites and utilizing data from Antarctic arrays of automated instruments and from both low-altitude and high-altitude NASA spacecraft, these instruments play a significant role in a variety of studies of geospace phenomena including the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction and geomagnetic storms and substorms. Taken together, these instruments make it possible to study the entire range of Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) variations, from Pc1 and Pi1 pulsations down to Pc5 pulsations, magnetic impulse events, sudden electromagnetic impulses, and substorm disturbances with high sensitivity. Studies of these waves in conjunction with other instruments and spacecraft observations greatly enhance the scientific potential of the wave observations to provide new physical insights into Geospace dynamics.Solid science, collaborative effort, international partners, and travel to Antarctica provide an ideal opportunity to achieve education and outreach goals. Operation of the search coil magnetometers at the U.S. Antarctic stations provides excellent opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students at the University of New Hampshire and Augsburg College in Minnesota to make meaningful contributions to cutting-edge science.Search coils data are broadly employed by other research groups, with applications in studying solar-terrestrial relationships, magnetospheric physics, and space weather. These instruments are critical for the study of Earth's space environment, which has become increasingly important to our technologically advanced society. Improving the capability to forecast and characterize major space weather events has direct societal benefit.